A dog owner weighs twice as much as her German shepherd. Does she eat twice as much? Does a big city need twice as many gas stations as one that is half its size? Our first instinct is to say yes. But, alas, we are wrong. On a per-gram basis, a human requires about 25% less food than her dog, and the larger city needs only 85% more gas stations. If we double the population of a city, we also ne...

Everyday we come across thousands of sportsmen in action. Each of them have their own style of play and make varied impressions on the viewers. Despite this expected variability in the impression they make, there are certain inherent qualities of their play like their poise, the economy of their movement, flow of their movement etc. which make some of them more watchable to most of us. For exam...

From the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Department of Pharmacology, and Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, the Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, the Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194223, Russia, the Department of Medical Ch...

The ISIS-model allows a better understanding for managers and regional authorities of the ongoing change towards the information based “New Economy” and towards an information society. New policies have become possible for generating sustainable regional growth, sustainable in both, regional economic success and ecological health. The ISIS-model is build for evaluating policies for sustainabili...

Isis: Page 6 Two recent archaeological developments have brought Cleopatra into the news. They each concern tombs—her sister Arsinoe’s tomb and her own. A skull of a skeleton found early last century in ‘The Octagon’ a tomb in Ephesus in Turkey was recently reconstructed using measurements of the skeleton taken in the 1920s. The skull itself was lost in the 1940s. The reconstructed skull turned...

Deliverable One Identifying Key Requirements for Pricing Reform Status: Public Version: 3.0 October 2002 Authors: Bryan Matthews and Chris Nash, Institute for Transport Studies, Leeds Project Partners: Institute for Transport Studies (ITS), Leeds Forschungs-undAnwenungsverbund Verkehrssystemtechnik (FAV), Berlin Istituto di Studi per l'Integrazione dei Sistemi (ISIS), Rome Netherlands Organizat...

The growth in female labour particpation and occupational attainment represents the most dramatic feature of labour markets in the second half of the twentieth century. This has been due in part to developments in social attitudes and the consequent changes in the prices attached to womens’ characteristics, and in part to changes in those characteristics themselves. This paper analyses these is...

Parameter settings profoundly impact the performance of machine learning algorithms and laboratory experiments. The classical grid search or trial-error methods are exponentially expensive in large parameter spaces, and Bayesian optimization (BO) offers an elegant alternative for global optimization of black box functions. In situations where the black box function can be evaluated at multiple ...