There are many kinds of DEM (Digital Elevation Model) generation methods such as a stereomatching from aerial photograph or satellite image, an interferometry from SAR data and an interpolation of topographic maps. On the other hand, we can use some accomplished DEMs. For example, NGDC NOAA offers global land one-km base elevation (GLOBE). And USGS offers Digital Chart of the World that has ele...

Digital Terrain Model (Digital Terrain Model acronym DTM) is arbitrary use of a large number of coordinates in three-dimensional x, y, z coordinates of the point on the ground for a form of Statistics said that the terrain surface morphology is the number of attribute information is a space location characteristics and attributes of the terrain described the figures, initially for the automatic...

Hillslopes are thought to poorly record tectonic signals in threshold landscapes. Numerous previous studies of steep landscapes suggest that large changes in long-term erosion rate lead to little change in mean hillslope angle, measured at coarse resolution. New LiDAR-derived topography data enables a finer examination of threshold hillslopes. Here we quantify hillslope response to tectonic for...

Elevation information plays a crucial role in simulations of geophysical flows providing the slope and curvature information required to solve a series of differential equations. Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) used as simulation input diverge in resolution, acquisition time and generation methodology. When more than one elevation data set is available, they can be analyzed to provide an estima...

zygophyllum atriplicoides is one of the most important rangeland plants that often seen as associated species and rarely seen as the dominant species in ranglands rangelands which is very critical for soil  in starting and ending points of each transect. measured soil properties (included gravel, texture, organic matter, lime, ph and electrical conductivity) and physiography (elevation and slop...

digital elevation model (dem) is increasingly used these days as an effective tool to extract elevation data in quantitative environmental and land management studies. the improvement of sensors and land resource satellites has made it possible to generate dem from remotely sensed data. dems which are produced from these data are applied not only in the two dimensional (2d) but also in the thre...

Malaise trap sampling of Hemiptera (Heteroptera; Auchenorrhyncha) was conducted at 500 m intervals along an elevational gradient from 200 m to 3,700 m on the east slope of Mount Wilhelm, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. Hemiptera had a decrease in morphospecies richness and overall abundance with increasing elevation, however, the Heteroptera did not exhibit either pattern. A few species were...

We present a suite of extensions for ARCVIEW GISTM (ESRI) that allows to map the spatial distribution of first-order mechanical slope-properties in hard rock terrain, e.g. for large slope areas like water reservoir slopes. Besides digital elevation data, this expert-system includes regional continuous grid-based data on geological structures that might act as potential sliding or cutoff planes ...

given the potential for carbon storage in plant tissues, this approach has a serious interest in recent decades. therefore, the ability of carbon storage in astragalus gossypinus and astragalus parrowianus were examined in part of alpine pastures in kermanshah province. after determining the representative districts, according to 4 main aspect and 5 category elevation was determined representat...

basins leading to tabriz plain are part of the sub-basins of urmia lake basin, which is located in the east azerbaijan province and in the north-western part of iran. the area of this basin is 5397 km2, and agriculture is one of the main sources of income for the people, which is dependent on groundwater and surface water resources. in this study, an attempt was made to investigate the basins l...