DEAR EDITOR, There have been threats of new diseases emerging due to the evolution/adaptation of microbes and the re-emergence of old diseases due to the development of antimicrobial resistance. Many factors have contributed to the emergence of infectious disease such as unplanned and under-planned urbanization; increased exposure of humans to disease vectors/reservoirs; rapid population growth...

We use an expanded framework of multiple epidemiologic transitions to review the issues of re/emerging infection. The first epidemiologic transition was associated with a rise in infectious diseases that accompanied the Neolithic Revolution. The second epidemiologic transition involved the shift from infectious to chronic disease mortality associated with industrialization. The recent resurgenc...

Epidemic cycling in human infectious diseases is common; however, its underlying mechanisms have been poorly understood. Much effort has been made to search for external mechanisms. Multiple strains of an infectious agent were usually observed and coinfections were frequent; further, empirical evidence indicates the simultaneous transmission of coinfections. To explore intrinsic mechanisms for ...

Introduction: The field of infectious disease is vast, complex and rapidly expanding. New advances in diagnostic testing, the development of new antimicrobial therapies and even the emergence of novel infectious diseases require diligent study by medical practitioners to remain current. Method: A systematic review using WHO, ECDC and CDC sources. Results: International travelling can pose vario...