We determined the embryonic origins of adult forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ) stem cells by Cre-lox fate mapping in transgenic mice. We found that all parts of the telencephalic neuroepithelium, including the medial ganglionic eminence and lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) and the cerebral cortex, contribute multipotent, self-renewing stem cells to the adult SVZ. Descendants of the embryonic...

The cortex and basal ganglia are the major structures of the adult brain derived from the embryonic telencephalon. Two morphologically distinct regions of the basal ganglia are evident within the mature ventral telencephalon, the globus pallidus medially, and the striatum, which is positioned between the globus pallidus and the cortex. Deletion of the Sonic Hedgehog gene in mice indicates that ...

Bilateral electrolytic lesions were placed in the median eminence area of the hypothalamus in 12-week-old male Wistar rats. Sham-operated and untreated control rats were also included. Two weeks later, one-half of them were given 0.03% N-2-fluorenylacetamide incorporated into the diet for 16 weeks with adequate resting periods in between. The animals were killed 34 weeks after the last carcinog...

Colchicine is a potent chemical that disrupts the assembly of microtubulin and affects the integrity of cytoskeleton. It is commonly used to block the axonal transport in neurons. Central administration of colchicine (48 microg/3 microl/rat) two days earlier significantly lowered 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels in the striatum and nucleus accumbens, both in the morning and in the ...

A 57-year-old right-handed glass-blower presented with a penetrating injury to the hypothenar eminence of his left hand sustained as he was tapping the bulb to dislodge air bubbles while making a mercury thermometer. The hypothenar eminence was swollen with a small puncture wound 3 cm from the distal wrist crease. There was no tendon or neurovascular damage. A radiograph showed multiple subcuta...

The maturation of inhibitory GABAergic cortical circuits regulates experience-dependent plasticity. We recently showed that the heterochronic transplantation of parvalbumin (PV) or somatostatin (SST) interneurons from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) reactivates ocular dominance plasticity (ODP) in the postnatal mouse visual cortex. Might other types of interneurons similarly induce cortica...

condylar dislocation is not an uncommon condition and occurs when the condyles are displaced anterior to the articular eminence and are unable to reduce back into the glenoid fossa. long-standing dislocations are difficult to treat with the conservative methods and usually need surgical intervention. in this paper, a long-standing dislocation treated by bilateral extra-oral ramus osteotomy is d...

In rodents, cortical interneurons originate from the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE) and caudal ganglionic eminence (CGE) according to precise temporal schedules. The mechanisms controlling the specification of CGE-derived interneurons and their role in cortical circuitry are still unknown. Here, we show that COUP-TFI expression becomes restricted to the dorsal MGE and CGE at embryonic day 13....

1. By immunoperoxidase technique, immunoreactive angiotensin II (ANG II) was located in the cell bodies of many magnocellular neurons in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus and their pathways to median eminence and posterior pituitary gland in the rat. 2. Like vasopressin and its neurophysin, but not oxytocin, ANG II was also found in parvocellular neurons in the supra...