BACKGROUND Decisions made on behalf of other people are sometimes more rational than those made for oneself. In this study we used a monetary gambling task to ask if the framing effect in decision-making is reduced in surrogate decision-making. METHODS Participants made a series of choices between a predetermined sure option and a risky gambling option of winning a proportion of an initial st...

II. Global priorities for national action plans on employment ..................................................... 2 Promoting decent work as a productive factor ........................................................................ 2 Knowledge creation and dissemination................................................................................... 3 Promoting entrepreneurship and privat...

W hether the United Kingdom (UK) should remain in the European Union (EU) or not has been a fiercely debated issue both before and after the referendum in the UK on June 23, 2016. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the pros and cons of the UK leaving the EU. It is concluded that if the UK leaves the EU, the resulting economic shock would risk adverse effects on macroecono...

This paper characterises optimal unemployment insurance (UI) and optimal tax policy in an equilibrium matching framework where job search effort is unobserved by the Planner. Policy design takes into account congestion externalities (greater job search effort by an individual worker reduces the re-employment rate of other competing job seekers) and thick market externalities (greater job creati...

Aid providers frequently link supporting small firms to job creation. Small firms create about half of new jobs in Africa, but they also have higher failure rates. Ignoring firm exit exaggerates net employment growth. Using panel data for Ethiopia, we find that small and large enterprises create similar numbers of net jobs. Moreover, wages in small firms are persistently lower. To create more ‘...

This paper offers a classification of credit markets in transition economies. It describes a continuum of systems by identifying its polar cases: countries where the entire financial system still relies on outside money, mostly republics of the former Soviet Union; and those where a more decentralized intermediation system is developing (Central/Eastern Europe). We believe that different outcom...

This paper presents findings from the multi-year, random assignment study of the National Guard Youth ChalleNGe Program (NGYCP), an intensive residential program for high school dropouts. The “second chance” program gives youth an opportunity to earn a high school credential and prepare to enter the workforce or continue on to post-secondary education. The NGCYP study sample includes 1173 youth...