The FASB has converged SFAS 123R with IFRS No.2, which simultaneously defines that the value of stock compensation is an expense under fair value method that must be recognized in the current statement of operations. However, under the fair value method, volatility of the market value of stock is easily subjected to the business cycle, political condition, managerial behavior, and macroeconomic...

The stability of thick shell encapsulated bubbles is studied analytically. 3-D small perturbations are introduced to the spherical oscillations of a contrast agent bubble in response to a sinusoidal acoustic field with different amplitudes of excitation. The equations of the perturbation amplitudes are derived using asymptotic expansions and linear stability analysis is then applied to the resu...

We report a quantitative measurement of the pressure effect on melting point elevation of encapsulated nanoparticles without epitaxial interfaces. By means of in situ x-ray diffraction, a substantial melting point elevation of about 15 K in encapsulated Al nanoparticles in Al2O3 shells without epitaxial interfaces was observed. Meanwhile, a pressure buildup of about 0.25 GPa on the Al nanoparti...

We develop a novel dual-modal contrast agent-encapsulated-ink poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microbubbles and nanobubbles-for photoacoustic and ultrasound imaging. Soft gelatin phantoms with embedded tumor simulators of encapsulated-ink PLGA microbubbles and nanobubbles in various concentrations are clearly shown in both photoacoustic and ultrasound images. In addition, using photoacousti...

Therapeutic agents aimed at inhibiting a single molecular target have not been successful in cancer therapy, but rather they impart resistance. However, multi-target inhibitors have shown promising results in circumventing the development of resistance and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells/tissues. In this study, we encapsulated doxorubicin and celecoxib in a single liposome at a ratio of 1:10...