The management of Barrett's esophagus with high-grade dysplasia is controversial. The standard of care has traditionally been esophagectomy. However, a number of treatment options aimed at esophageal preservation are increasingly being utilized by many centers. These esophageal-sparing approaches include endoscopic surveillance, mucosal ablation, and endoscopic mucosal resection. In this guidel...

Determining the cause of acute pancreatitis is not usually difficult. Acute pancreatitis results most commonly from alcohol abuse or gallstone disease. These etiologies account for 60-80% of the cases. Medications, infection, metabolic, traumatic, toxins, hereditary, post-ERCP, postoperative, etc. are causative in about 10-20%. In these cases the relationship of the episode of pancreatitis to t...

BACKGROUND The laparoscopic management of suspicious adnexal masses and early ovarian malignancies is discussed with the aim of maintaining accepted oncologic treatment principles. Comparative survival data of patients with gynecological malignancies managed by laparoscopy or laparotomy are still very scarce and the survival of cancer patients must not be compromised by new techniques. It is ti...

Contemporary management of anterior urethral strictures requires both endoscopic as well as complex substitution urethroplasty, depending on the nature of the urethral stricture. Recent clinical and experimental studies have explored the possibility of augmenting traditional endoscopic urethral stricture management with anti-fibrotic injectable medications. Additionally, although buccal mucosa ...

Bronchobiliary fistula (BBF), which requires aggressive treatment to decrease the mortality and morbidity rates, is an abnormal communication between the biliary channels and the bronchial tree. It occurs as a congenital malformation, but most patients have a history of liver pathology that involves the lungs [1]. In the literature, the number of reported cases of BBF has increased significantl...

Esophageal strictures remain a commonly encountered clinical entity. These strictures arise because of a wide variety of benign and malignant conditions. Dysphagia, the most common symptom, occurs when a stricture causes greater than 50% of the esophageal lumen to be obstructed as a result of benign or malignant disease. From a treatment point of view, some esophageal strictures are readily tre...

Diverticular hemorrhage is the most common reason for lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) with substantial cost of hospitalization and a median length of hospital stay of 3 days. Bleeding usually is self-limited in 70-80% of cases but early rebleeding is not an uncommon problem that can be reduced with proper endoscopic therapies. Colonoscopy is recommended as first-line diagnostic and thera...

OBJECTIVE There is currently no standardised management protocol following functional endoscopic sinus surgery. This study assessed frequent endoscopic cleaning versus minimal intervention in the early post-operative period following such surgery. STUDY DESIGN Prospective, randomised controlled, single-blinded, within-subject trial involving 24 patients with bilateral chronic rhinosinusitis u...

With the increasing use of antiplatelet agents (APA), their management during the periendoscopic period has become a more common and more difficult problem. The increase in use is due to the availability of new drugs and the widespread use of drug-eluting coronary stents. Acute coronary syndromes can occur when APA therapy is withheld for noncardiovascular interventions. Guidelines about APA ma...

Colonic perforation occurs in a variety of clinical scenarios and colonoscopy-associated perforation is one of the important reasons for colonic perforation. Colonoscopy-associated perforation may be diagnosed during colonoscopy procedure by the visualization of evident colonic wall defect or, after the completion of colonoscopy, by the visualization of leaked air in the peritoneal or retroperi...