The dynamics of an ensemble of linear disturbances in boundary-layer flows at various Reynolds numbers is studied through an analysis of the transport equations for the mean disturbance kinetic energy and energy dissipation rate. Effects of adverse and favorable pressure-gradients on the disturbance dynamics are also included in the analysis. Unlike the fully turbulent regime where nonlinear ph...

Accurate predictions of the sea state–dependent air–sea momentum flux require a thorough understanding of the wave boundary layer turbulence over surface waves. A set of momentum and energy equations is derived to formulate and analyze wave boundary layer turbulence. The equations are written in wavefollowing coordinates, and all variables are decomposed into horizontalmean, wave fluctuation, a...

Introduction: The orbit of Phobos is secularly decaying at a rate which implies that Mars is highly dissipative; even more so than Earth’s mantle. Most tidal dissipation on Earth occurs within the oceans. Where and how the tidal energy dissipation occurs within Mars is not presently well constrained. We examine several alternatives, including a uniformly warm mantle, a partial melt zone within ...