The objective of this study is to derive a design methodology for zero-energy building considering the energy production and consumption building. In order establish methodology, various factors affecting are derived, effect heat transmission rate, surface volume ratio (S/V ratio), location orientation analyzed by simulation method. As result, S/V rate most important in central region Korea whe...

Urban planning is the space expression of urban resource configuration. Its central goal is using the effective resource with the lowest ecological cost in exchange for the greatest economic benefits. The current city’s expansion which is dominated by the development, is too fast, which has overlooked the balance between planning and environmental protection. The contradiction between urban dev...

In an energy hub, each energy carrier can be converted to other forms of energy to meet electricity, heating and cooling power demand in an optimal manner. In this study, a framework is presented to optimally design and size interconnected energy hubs. It considers physical constraints on natural gas and electricity networks and environmental issues. The proposed design methodology decides on w...

Since the completion of the first edition of this book much time and effort has been spent developing more accurate and efficient means of mapping vegetation. At the same time a similar amount of energy has been expended on vegetation classification. Vegetation classification was not directly discussed in the first edition (Colwell 1977). However, in current thinking, the two subjects are intim...

This article reviews studies published in English language planning journals since 2001 that focus on the environmental impacts of sprawl. We organise our analysis of the reviewed literature around: (1) the conceptualisation or measurement of sprawl; (2) a comparison of research methods employed and findings with respect to four categories of environmental impacts—air, energy, land, and water; ...

during the 1960s, the relatively new approaches like environmental warfare and intentional environmental deterioration came in to the global security and strategic literature. till now, through different conventional and unconventional wars, the governments have imposed intentional and unintentional adverse effects on the environment some of which are lasting for decades. the application of wea...

Try to reach a particular goal in an environmental management system should be associated with strategies, e.g. for environmental goals, or for environmental policies. Sustainable protection can be achieved so that public environmental departments get the possibility to have a better costs control about planning, doing and checking measurements, or organizations have the possibility to control ...

Spatial differences in urban environmental conditions contribute to health inequalities within cities. The purpose of the paper is to map environmental inequalities relevant for health in the City of Dortmund, Germany, in order to identify needs for planning interventions. We develop suitable indicators for mapping socioeconomically-driven environmental inequalities at the neighborhood level ba...

the present study aims to provide a solution to optimize land use through multi-objective linear programming, and to solve the conflicts generated in the process using game theory, in two cities of gorgan and kurdkoy, iran. the primary land use planning was completed for seven land use through multi-criteria evaluation and then a first allocation was implanted using mola. in the secondary land ...