We present a method for the multivariate linkage analysis of the age of onset of a disease. The approach allows the incorporation of covariates for the study of gene by environment interactions. It is applicable to general pedigrees. The likelihood of the data is expressed as a function of the number of alleles identical by descent at a marker, the censored ages of onset and disease status, and...

BACKGROUND The time stratified case cross-over approach is a popular alternative to conventional time series regression for analysing associations between time series of environmental exposures (air pollution, weather) and counts of health outcomes. These are almost always analyzed using conditional logistic regression on data expanded to case-control (case crossover) format, but this has some ...

Gene-environment (G×E) interactions play key roles in many complex diseases. An increasing number of epidemiological studies have shown the combined effect of multiple environmental exposures on disease risk. However, no appropriate statistical models have been developed to conduct a rigorous assessment of such combined effects when G×E interactions are considered. In this paper, we propose a p...

EDUCATIONAL AIMS To illustrate the characteristics of endurance exercise training and its positive effects on health.To provide an overview on the effects of endurance training on airway cells and bronchial reactivity.To summarise the current knowledge on respiratory health problems in elite athletes. Endurance exercise training exerts many positive effects on health, including improved metabol...

Molecular epidemiology in cancer research grew from the field of chemical carcinogenesis and the use biomarkers for environmental exposures, with incorporation of principles from early pharmacogenetics. Over the years, molecular epidemiology has become extremely complex, with studies evaluating associations between cancer risk and prognosis and numerous markers of susceptibility, exposure and e...

BACKGROUND Research suggests that low-grade psychotic experiences in the general population are a common but transitory developmental phenomenon. Using two independent general population samples, the hypothesis was examined that common, non-clinical developmental expression of psychosis may become abnormally persistent when synergistically combined with developmental exposures that may impact o...

OBJECTIVE To identify dietary and environmental risk factors for hyperthyroidism in cats. DESIGN Case-control study. ANIMALS 100 cats with hyperthyroidism and 163 control cats. PROCEDURE Medical records were examined, and owners completed a mailed questionnaire. Data collected included information regarding demographic variables, environmental exposures, and diet, including preferred flav...

BACKGROUND Fish intake in infancy has been associated with reduced risk of allergic disease in early childhood, but it is unknown whether this effect remains as children grow older. OBJECTIVE We studied the possible effect of fish consumption in infancy on prevalent and incident allergic disease up to the age of 12 y. DESIGN A total of 3285 children from a prospective Swedish birth cohort (...

Testicular cancer (TC) is the most frequently occurring malignancy among adolescents and young men aged 15-34 years. Although incidence of TC has been growing over the past 40 years in several western countries, the explanations for this increase still remain uncertain. It has been postulated that early life exposure to numerous occupational and environmental estrogenic chemicals, such as endoc...

From May 19 to May 21, 2010, the Armed Forced Health Surveillance Center and the Uniformed Services University cosponsored an educational symposium and workshop on the assessment of potentially hazardous environmental exposures among military populations. Symposium participants reviewed and analyzed historical exposure events, from herbicides in Vietnam to the 1991 Gulf War oil well fires and W...