We analyzed gene expression in marine and freshwater bacterioplankton communities by the direct retrieval and analysis of microbial transcripts. Environmental mRNA, obtained from total RNA by subtractive hybridization of rRNA, was reverse transcribed, amplified with random primers, and cloned. Approximately 400 clones were analyzed, of which approximately 80% were unambiguously mRNA derived. mR...

The environmental route of transmission of many parasitic protozoa and their potential for producing large numbers of transmissive stages constitute persistent threats to public and veterinary health. Conventional and new immunological and molecular methods enable to assess the occurrence, prevalence, levels and sources of waterborne protozoa. Concentration, purification, and detection are the ...

The triplex PCR of Clermont et al. [Clermont, O., Bonacorsi, S., Bingen, E., 2000. Rapid and simple determination of the Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 4555-4558.] was used to genotype E. coli isolates from the Mid-Atlantic region of the USA, obtained from freshwater, animal internal organs, and feces. Of 445 isolates subjected to genotyping, 118 isolates (2...

The paper presents basic information on the preparation of environmental samples for trace analysis. Sample preparation is of utmost importance for the quality of analytical results and their usefulness for decision making in the area of environmental protection and management. The type and number of operations required for a given procedure is determined by the available information about the ...

Ciguatera Fish Poisoning (CFP) is increasing across the Pacific and the distribution of the causative dinoflagellates appears to be expanding. Subtle differences in thecal plate morphology are used to distinguish dinoflagellate species, which are difficult to determine using light microscopy. For these reasons we sought to develop a Quantitative PCR assay that would detect all species from both...

AIMS To adapt an immunomagnetic capture (IMC) technique to concentrate and cultivate Mycobacterium bovis from environmental samples including soil, faeces and urine. METHODS AND RESULTS Cells of Myco. bovis BCG and wild-type Myco. bovis were successfully isolated and cultured from seeded and naturally infected materials respectively. The IMC cell recovery estimated by colony forming units (CF...

Environmental samples can be complex and are comprised of microorganisms and a matrix of decaying organic matter as well as an inorganic phase such as sand or precipitated material (waste water, sludge, soils, etc.). Nucleic acid dyes have recently been developed to address the growing need for environmental analyses (cell staining, counting, viability testing and specific organism identificati...

Radionuclides of caesium are environmentally important since they are formed as significant high yield fission products (Cs and Cs) and activation products (Cs and Cs) during nuclear fission. They originate from a range of nuclear activities such as weapons testing, nuclear reprocessing and nuclear fuel cycle discharges and nuclear accidents. Whilst Cs, Cs and Cs are routinely measurable at hig...

The environmental DNA (eDNA) method is a detection technique that is rapidly gaining credibility as a sensitive tool useful in the surveillance and monitoring of invasive and threatened species. Because eDNA analysis often deals with small quantities of short and degraded DNA fragments, methods that maximize eDNA recovery are required to increase detectability. In this study, we performed exper...