An inventory management system for defective items with backordered shortages is explored, in which we assume that the quality of an ordered lot is not always 100% perfect, so a screening process to each product is conducted to split that lot into perfect and defective products. Meanwhile, the defective products include imperfect and scrap ones, which will be sold at a discount price and dispos...

This paper investigates the economic order quantity (EOQ) — based inventory model for a retailer under two levels of trade credit to reflect the supply chain management situation in the fuzzy sense. It is assumed that the retailer maintains a powerful position and can obtain the full trade credit offered by the supplier yet the retailer just offers a partial trade credit to customers. The deman...

Multi-objective inventory models of deteriorating items have been developed with vague and imprecise information about available storage area. Here, the objectives are (i) to maximize the profit, (ii) to minimize the wastage cost due to deterioration and (iii) to minimize the total production cost. These objectives are also fuzzy in nature. In these models, production rate is a decision variabl...

Industry environment has become competitive because of product’s short life cycle. Competition reaches to extreme, when products are deteriorating which further makes demand uncertain. Generally, in deriving the solution of economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model, the authors consider the demand rate as constant quantity. But in real life, demand cannot be forecasted precisely which cause...