The human amniotic membrane known as the innermost single epithelial-covered layer provides many applications such as applicable anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. These immunomodulatory effects belongs to the epithelial cells, a type of epiblast-derived fetal stem cells which currently used for regenerative medicine and transplantation. These cells are collected by author-prepared faci...

BACKGROUND Cigarette smoke from 2R1 research brand cigarettes and specific toxicants in smoke inhibit oviductal functioning. Our purpose was to test the hypothesis that smoke from commercial cigarettes, including harm reduction cigarettes, inhibits oviductal functioning and to measure the concentration of previously identified toxicants in smoke from research and commercial cigarettes. METHOD...

Two experiments were conducted to determine mechanisms mediating effects of nutritional manipulation before and after mating on embryonic survival in pigs. Experiment 1 studied the mechanisms by which continued high feeding levels after mating result in differences in plasma progesterone during early pregnancy. Gilts fed 2.0 times maintenance energy requirements either remained on this high lev...

Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis targets epithelial cells within the genital tract which respond by secreting chemokines and cytokines. Persistent inflammation can lead to fibrosis, tubal infertility and/or ectopic pregnancy; many infections are asymptomatic. Most studies have investigated the inflammatory response in the initial stages of infection, less is known about the later stages of ...

    Background: Azo is a synthetic dye used in batik industries. It can be toxic to the tissue when exposed via inhalation, swallowing, or direct contact. Expression of cytokeratin will change in hyperplastic and cancer of the oral mucosa. Expression of Cytokeratin 8, 18, 19 is strong in the epithelial cells that undergo excessive hyperproliferation and oral mucosal changes in le...

Protein-carbohydrate interaction regulates multiple important processes during fertilization, an essential biological event where individual gametes undergo intercellular recognition to fuse and generate a zygote. In the mammalian female reproductive tract, sperm temporarily adhere to the oviductal epithelium via the complementary interaction between carbohydrate-binding proteins on the sperm m...