Common causes of right sided intra-cardiac atrial masses include primary cardiac tumors (atrial myxoma), atrial thrombus, tumor thrombus with hepatocellular or other thoracoabdominal cancers and metastatic lesions. Invasion of atria by gastrointestinal tumors is rare and that with esophageal ones seldom observed. Esophageal cancers rather present with dysphagia, odynophagia or systemic symptoms...

Noncardiac chest pain (NCCP) is one of the most common esophageal symptoms and lacks a clearly defined mechanism. The most common cause of NCCP is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). One of the accepted mechanisms of NCCP in a patient without GERD has been altered visceral sensitivity. Mast cells may play a role in visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome. In this case, a patie...

Caustic esophageal injury results from accidental ingestion of corrosive in children and intentional in adults [1]. The common causes are ingestion of strong alkali and highly concentrated acids. Once a stricture is identified, esophageal dilatation is initiated and gradually advanced to relieve dysphagia. Chronic inflammation and fibrosis leads to dysplasia which predisposes the epithelium to ...

Background/aim Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic immunemediated condition characterized clinically by esophageal dysfunction and pathologically by infiltration of > 15 eosinophils per high-powered field (HPF) in the esophageal mucosa, since other causes of esophageal eosinophilia (including proton-pump inhibitor responsive esophageal eosinophilia [PPI-REE]) are excluded. It occurs wor...

Esophageal submucosal hematoma is a rarely observed condition in which abrupt bleeding occurs between the mucosa and muscularis propria of the esophageal wall, often involving a long portion of the esophagus. Possible causes of submucosal hematoma of the esophagus include external trauma, endoscopic sclerotherapy of the esophageal varices, vigorous vomiting, ingestion of a foreign body, complic...

Esophageal diverticula (ED) constitute a rare pathology, with a prevalence ranging between 0.06% and 4% (1,2). According to its anatomical location it is classified as pharyngo-esophageal, middle esophageal and epiphrenics ED (3). The pathophysiologic mechanism differs in diverticula caused by traction, due to an inflammatory process involving the esophagus, or pulsion, associated with a concom...

1. Siersema PD, Homs MY, Haringsma J, et al. Use of large-diameter metallic stents to seal traumatic nonmalignant perforations of the esophagus. Gastrointest Endosc 2003;58:356-61. 2. Shim CS. Esophageal stenting in unusual situations. Endoscopy 2003; 35:S14-8. 3. Shim CS, Cho YD, Moon JH, et al. Fixation of a modified covered esophageal stent: its clinical usefulness for preventing stent migra...

in this case report, we described a 74-year-old female patient with major complaint of respiratory problemsdyspnea after meal. chest x-ray of the patient revealed a  gianttype iv hiatal hernia. preoperative evaluations of the patient included esophagoscopy, esophageal manometry, barium swallow, and ct-scan. repair of the hernia was performed using a dual mesh on the diaphragm and partial anteri...

Disorders of the esophagus could include various conditions such as inflammation, stricture or esophageal-phase dysphagia. Management these disorders is rapidly developing, which includes conservative, surgical and modern techniques use stem cells. Stem cells are characterized have not differentiated, able to multiply differentiate into multiple organ cells, has ability self-renewal vital in di...