the weaknesses of the traditional climatic classification methods in presenting the climatic realities of caspian region and showing the new methods' merits based on multivariate statistical methods, and geographical information system in presenting the climatic regions of caspian, are among the most important ideas of conducting this study. to do so, we used the data of synoptic stations ...

[1] Atmospheric fronts are important for the day-to-day variability of weather in the midlatitudes, particularly during winter when extratropical storm-tracks are at their maximum intensity. Fronts are often associated with heavy rain, and strongly affect the local space-time distribution of rainfall. A recently developed objective front identification method that distinguishes between cold, wa...

The South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) is the dominant summertime cloudiness feature of subtropical South America and the western South Atlantic Ocean, having a significant influence on the precipitation regime of southeastern Brazil. This paper proposes an objective criterion based mainly on precipitation, as this variable is easily obtained on general circulation models simulating past, p...

Global precipitation data sets with high spatial and temporal resolution are needed for many applications, but they were unavailable before the recent creation of several such satellite products. Here, we evaluate four different satellite data sets of hourly or 3-hourly precipitation (namely CMORPH, PERSIANN, TRMM 3B42 and a microwave-only product referred to as MI) by comparing the spatial pat...

the variability of temperature and precipitation is regarded as one of the main characteristics of the climate.precipitation and its results, especially results such as droughts, vary on different temporal and spatial scales. thepurpose of this paper is to determine the frequency of the inter-annual variability of the driest month in north-westiran. in order to obtain the best results, we used ...

This study evaluates local dynamics in extreme precipitation frequency from 1940 to 1999 in the South of Portugal. The analysis is based on a climate index defined by the annual count of days with precipitation above the 30 mm threshold (R30mm). The space-time scenarios of this index, and their uncertainty evaluation, were produced through direct sequential cosimulation (coDSS) with elevation. ...

At Colorado State University the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (RAMS) has been used to produce real-time forecasts of precipitation for the Colorado mountain region since 1991. Originally a so-called dumpbucket scheme was used to generate precipitation, but starting in the fall of 1995 real-time forecasts used the bulk microphysics scheme available with RAMS. For the month of April 1995,...

Due to the lack of available long-term climatic records, data related to past autumn precipitation variability throughout Northwest China, especially high-frequency variation, remains limited. In this study, it was found that inter-annual changes in Qinghai spruce radial growth were significantly and negatively (p < 0.05) correlated to inter-annual differences in precipitation during the late g...

precipitation regime refers to distribution of seasonal- monthly precipitation. by studying this character, it could be find out about the most important parts of mechanism(s) dominant in temporal distribution of precipitation. precipitation regime can have positive or negative effects on other environmental components performance. in the present research, the monthly data in 73 stations during...