This study exploits the sibling structure of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth data to measure the degree to which family background explains the variance in the propensity to engage in criminal activities and in the intensity and success of crime participation as measured by the level of criminal earnings. A multiple-equation model whose reduced form disturbances are connected by a com...

Abstract.— We describe the use of the Fréchet mean and variance in the Billera-Holmes-Vogtmann (BHV) treespace to summarize and explore the diversity of a set of phylogenetic trees. We show that the Fréchet mean is comparable to other summary methods, despite its stickiness property, and that the Fréchet variance is faster and more precise than commonly used variance measures. These mean and va...

Asymptotic equivalence results for nonparametric regression experiments have always assumed that the variances of the observations are known. In practice, however the variance of each observation is generally considered to be an unknown nuisance parameter. We establish an asymptotic approximation to the nonparametric regression experiment when the value of the variance is an additional paramete...

In this paper the performance evaluation of energy detection based spectrum sensing is carried out for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) transmission system under multi-path fading channel. The performance is measured in terms of Probability of Detection (P ) and Probability of False Alarm (Pjc) and d the effect of following parameters is presented: value of threshold and number...

The performance comparison of the optimally weighted LS estimate and the linear minimum variance estimate for a linear model with random input is presented. In this case optimally weighted LS estimate is not a linear estimate of a parameter given input and observation anymore while linear minimum variance estimate still is. Under a certain conditions on variance matrix invertibility, we show th...

In digital radio transmission over frequency selective channels, the Minimum Mean-Square Error Decision Feedback Equalizer (MMSE-DFE) is widely recognized as an efficient equalization scheme. In order to compute the coefficients of the feedforward and feedback filters of the MMSE-DFE, both the channel impulse response (CIR) and the variance of the noise have to be estimated. The estimate of the...

Molecular markers have been used to predict the genetic variance of segregating soybean populations by measuring the genetic distance between parents. For this purpose we analyzed the genetic distance among six pairwise combinations of four soybean lines grown in Southern Brazil. The AFLP-based distances (AFD) were estimated with 21 primer-pair combinations. Additive genetic variance (D) was es...

This paper provides an empirical investigation of the risk neutral variance process and the market price of variance risk implied in the foreign currency options market. There are three principal contributions. First, the parameters of Heston's (1993) mean-reverting square root stochastic volatility model are estimated using dollar/mark option prices from 1987 to 1992. Second, it is shown that ...

Environmental variance components were estimated for berry ripening time (BRT), berry weight (BW), soluble solids concentration (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), and deformation at the ®rst major peak (DFP) and maximum force (MF) in penetration tests of berry ̄esh in grapes (Vitis vinifera L. and V. labruscana Bailey). The variance among berries within clusters was largest among environmental var...

This study aims at estimating variability in exposure to respirable dust and assessing whether the a priori grouping by job team is appropriate for an exposure-response study on respiratory effects among workers in a manually operated coal mine in Tanzania. Furthermore, estimated exposure levels were used to calculate cumulative exposure. Full-shift personal respirable dust samples (n = 204) we...