Members of the Mycobacterium avium complex are the most frequently encountered opportunistic bacterial pathogens among patients in the advanced stage of AIDS. Two clinical isolates of the same strain, numbers 397 and 417, were obtained from an AIDS patient with disseminated M. avium complex infection before and after treatment with a regimen of clarithromycin and ethambutol. To identify the bio...

Maintenance of cell-wall integrity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential and is the target of several antitubercular drugs. For example, ethambutol targets arabinogalactan and lipoarabinomannan (LAM) biosynthesis through the inhibition of several arabinofuranosyltransferases. Apart from their role in cell-wall integrity, mycobacterial LAMs also exhibit important immunomodulatory activities...

Tuberculosis (TB) is a dreadful bacterial disease, infecting millions of human and cattle every year worldwide. More than 50 years after its discovery, ethambutol continues to be an effective part of the World Health Organization's recommended frontline chemotherapy against TB. However, the lengthy treatment regimens consisting of a cocktail of antibiotics affect patient compliance. There is an...

BACKGROUND Mycobacterium xenopi is a common agent of non-tuberculous mycobacterial lung diseases in Europe. However, an optimal treatment regimen for M. xenopi infection has not yet been established. Appropriate in vitro and in vivo model systems are needed for characterization of the activity of potential drugs and drug combinations against M. xenopi. METHODS We utilized three experimental p...

In spite of the recent introduction of two new drugs (delamanid and bedaquiline) and a few repurposed compounds to treat multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR- and XDR-TB), clinicians are facing increasing problems in designing effective regimens in severe cases. Recently a 9 to 12-month regimen (known as the 'Bangladesh regimen') proved to be effective in treatin...

BACKGROUND Republic of Azerbaijan is considered as an area with high prevalence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. Uncontrolled travelling of Azerbaijanis people to Iran is the issue that needs to be considered as an important issue. METHODS This study was conducted on 32 patients with tuberculosis from Baku-Nakhchivan and 48 patients from Iran during 2012 to 2014. Colonies of Mycobacteriu...

INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis is a common opportunistic infection in renal transplant patients. OBJECTIVE To obtain a clinical and laboratory description of transplant patients diagnosed with tuberculosis and their response to treatment during a period ranging from 2005 to 2013 at the Pablo Tobón Uribe Hospital. METHODS Retrospective and descriptive study. RESULTS In 641 renal transplants, tu...