The retrieval of data from the Cassini-Huygens mission has revealed much about Titan's atmospheric-surface system and has precipitated more questions. One of these questions involves the lack of large reservoirs of ethane that were predicted by a variety of studies prior to the arrival of the Cassini-Huygens spacecraft. Using an updated and comprehensive photochemical model, we examine the natu...

Light dependent ethane formation and chlorophyll bleaching in isolated chloroplast lamellae are enhanced by either methylviologen or a-linolenic acid. Both ethane formation and chloro­ phyll bleaching are also enhanced in chloroplast particles deficient in photosynthetic electron transport, e. g. after aging, heat treatm ent or digitonin fragmentation. Ethane formation by sub­ chloroplast parti...

GC analysis was performed at 50 °C on a Carlo Erba 4300 gas chromatograph modified with a with a 16-way valve to enable fast sampling and a 3 m Alltech Unibead 1S column, using 1 mLmin N2 (99.5%, Hoekloos) as internal standard. Selective MS analysis was performed using a Pfeiffer QMA 200 mass spectrometer (m/z range 0–100). Powder XR diffraction measurements were performed using a Philips xray ...

As a specific inhibitor of neutrophil elastase, sivelestat sodium hydrate has primarily been used in the treatment of acute lung injury caused by various factors since its approval in 2002. Sivelestat sodium hydrate also improves post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis (KOA), although its underlying mechanisms of action have yet to be elucidated. The aim of the current study was to determine if sive...

The structures and the guest-host distributions of iso-propylamine (i-PA) and n-propylamine (n-PA) hydrates with hydrogen as a secondary guest were identified by powder X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopic analysis. The structure of 11.1 mol% i-PA + H2 hydrate was identified to be hexagonal (space group P63/mmc) with a few unindexed diffraction peaks, while 5.6 mol% i-PA + H2 hydrate had a...

OBJECTIVE Sleep is a known activator of epileptiform discharges on electroencephalography. Chloral hydrate is used frequently for electroencephalography sedation. Our objectives were to study the value and limitations of chloral hydrate. METHODS One hundred and fifty nine consecutive pediatric electroencephalograms were included prospectively. One electroencephalography technologist collected...

Cyclopentane hydrate interparticle adhesion force measurements were performed in pure cyclopentane liquid using a micromechanical force apparatus. Cyclopentane hydrate adhesion force measurements were compared to those of cyclic ethers, tetrahydrofuran and ethylene oxide, which were suspected to be cyclic ether-lean and thus contain a second ice phase. This additional ice phase led to an over-p...

Major uses Chloral hydrate (synthesized in 1832 and introduced into medicine 1869) is the oldest member of sedative-hypnotic drugs. To the same group belong paraldehyde, bromide, urethane, and sulfonal. Metabolite of chloral hydrate, trichloroethanol, is also an excellent hypnotic agent, but is not often used as such due to its physical and irritant properties. At present, chloral hydrate is la...

In recent years, the feasibility of utilizing gas hydrates in industrial systems draws much attention as a subject of engineering studies. Despite the suggested applications for gas hydrate in transportation and storage of natural gas, desalination of water, etc., there have been few applied industrial experiences with gas hydrates. There are several patents and papers on promotion of gas hydra...