This reply to Giles Scofield’s critique of the authors’ article in the June 2008 issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal highlights two main topics. First, contrary to what Scofield suggests, using the terms “ethics” and “morality” interchangeably constitutes an oversimplification that blurs important distinctions. Second, in a representative democracy, ethical expertise and consultati...

This reply to Giles Scofield’s critique of the authors’ article in the June 2008 issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal highlights two main topics. First, contrary to what Scofield suggests, using the terms “ethics” and “morality” interchangeably constitutes an oversimplification that blurs important distinctions. Second, in a representative democracy, ethical expertise and consultati...

This reply to Giles Scofield’s critique of the authors’ article in the June 2008 issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal highlights two main topics. First, contrary to what Scofield suggests, using the terms “ethics” and “morality” interchangeably constitutes an oversimplification that blurs important distinctions. Second, in a representative democracy, ethical expertise and consultati...

abstract background: ethics was discussed for many years in medical ethics through rules, theories, hypothesis and religious. there are some organs in iran that working on ethics. department of medical science is one of them that has his own instructions on ethics. this study aims to review some of the challengeable issues in medicine. conclusion: department of ethics in iranian academy of medi...

This reply to Giles Scofield’s critique of the authors’ article in the June 2008 issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal highlights two main topics. First, contrary to what Scofield suggests, using the terms “ethics” and “morality” interchangeably constitutes an oversimplification that blurs important distinctions. Second, in a representative democracy, ethical expertise and consultati...

This reply to Giles Scofield’s critique of the authors’ article in the June 2008 issue of the Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal highlights two main topics. First, contrary to what Scofield suggests, using the terms “ethics” and “morality” interchangeably constitutes an oversimplification that blurs important distinctions. Second, in a representative democracy, ethical expertise and consultati...