BACKGROUND DNA damage such as double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) has been reported to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. The major player in response to DSBs is ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated). Upon sensing DSBs, ATM is activated through autophosphorylation and phosphorylates a number of substrates for DNA repair, cell cycle regulation...

PURPOSE DNA-damaging agents, such as etoposide, while clinically useful in leukemia therapy, are limited by DNA repair pathways that are not well understood. 17-(Allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), an inhibitor of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in FLT3(+) leukemia cells. In this study, we evaluated the effects of etoposide...

Both occupational exposure to the leukemogen benzene and in vitro exposure to its metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) lead to the induction of numerical and structural chromosome changes. Several studies have shown that HQ can form DNA adducts, disrupt microtubule assembly and inhibit DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) activity. As these are potential mechanisms underlying endoreduplication (END), a pheno...

In the present study, we tested the significance of mitochondria for apoptosis upon exposure to tamoxifen and etoposide using two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. We showed that both tamoxifen and etoposide induced apoptosis, increased intramitochondrial calcium and nitric oxide, and decreased mitochondrial transmembrane potential in both cell lines. Both drugs increased mi...

Laparoscopy-assisted local injection of chemotherapeutic agents is not yet considered as a standard treatment for ectopic pregnancy. Herein, we demonstrated cases of cesarean scar pregnancy and ovarian ectopic pregnancy successfully treated with trans-vaginal sonography-guided local injection of etoposide. Furthermore, we evaluated the efficacy of laparoscopic local injection of etoposide compa...

OBJECTIVE To test the effectiveness of combining conventional antineoplastic drugs (cisplatin and etoposide) with metformin in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer in the NCI-H460 cell line, in order to develop new therapeutic options with high efficacy and low toxicity. METHODS We used the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and calculated the comb...

Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation (ASCT) is a standard of care in relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and other lymphoproliferative disorders including relapsed Hodgkin’s disease, mantle or T-cell lymphoma. Carmustine, etoposide, ARA-C, melphalan (BEAM) [1], lomustine, etoposide, ARA-C, melphalan (LEAM) and lomustine, ARA-C, cyclophosphamide, etoposide (LACE) are commonly used con...

OBJECT The aim of this study was to explore the role of WNT1-inducible-signaling Pathway Protein 1 (WISP-1) in etoposide resistance in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. METHODS WISP-1 overexpression A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell was established. After exposure to ultraviolet (UV) and etoposide, cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. Moreover, western-blot was employed to examine the expre...

Etoposide and other topoisomerase II-targeted drugs are important anticancer therapeutics. Unfortunately, the safe usage of these agents is limited by their indiscriminate induction of topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage throughout the genome and by a lack of specificity toward cancer cells. Therefore, as a first step toward constraining the distribution of etoposide-induced DNA cleavage sit...