Publication ethics is an important aspect of both the research and publication enterprises. It is particularly important in the field of biomedical science because published data may directly affect human health. In this article, we examine publication ethics policies in biomedical journals published in Central and Eastern Europe. We were interested in possible differences between East European...

*Value Added Tax charge for European Union residents. If you live in the European Union in one of the following member states (Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain or Sweden) and are not registered for VAT we are required to charge VAT at the rate applicable in your country of residence. If you live in any other member state in the EU and are not registered for VAT you will...

As if the process or withdrawal from the European Union were not already complex enough in itself, the Brexit vote has also reopened constitutional questions for the United Kingdom. Scotland’s devolved government is calling for a new independence referendum and seeking a special arrangement with the EU. Northern Ireland has drawn less attention but is politically at least as significant: Brexit...

Extensive multilingualism is one of the most important and fundamental principles of the European Union (EU). However, a large number of languages (currently 23) hinders communication and imposes substantial …nancial and legal costs. On the other hand, the reduction of the number of languages would disenfranchise some or many EU citizens. We use the results of a survey on languages and argue th...

On 7 March 2016, an updated version of the ’Guidance on chlamydia control in Europe’ was published on the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) website. As the previous version, published in 2009 [1], the newly released document aims at supporting policymakers and national programme coordinators in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA) countries in develop...

The issue of convergence has received considerable attention within the European Union over the past decade. Convergence on key economic dimensions was a clear objective of Ireland's entry into the European Community and is now central to the admission aspirations of the current applicant countries. In this paper I outline key aspects of Ireland's economic convergence and explore the implicatio...

European Union (EU) policies regarding genetically modified (GM) crops and food have increasingly isolated its member states from much of the rest of the world in this regard over the past decade. The discussion in European countries over whether to grow and eat GM crops and food has stalled plant research, while the rest of the world has been growing and using an increasing number of GM pestor...

Neither the European Patent Convention (EPC) nor the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) have touched and influenced in any manner the way in which patents can be presently enforced in the member countries of the European Union (EU) and/or of EPC. This situation, however, would change dramatically if some kind of a Community Patent (CP) would be introduced, the fate of a draft EU Regulation for int...

BACKGROUND The Eastern border of the European Union (EU) consists of 10 countries after the expansion of the EU in 2004 and 2007. These 10 countries border to the East to countries with high tuberculosis (TB) notification rates. We analyzed the notification data of Europe to quantify the impact of cross-border TB at the Eastern border of the EU. METHODS We used TB surveillance data of 2010 su...