The main power of artificial intelligence is not in modeling what we already know, but creating solutions that are new. Such exist extremely large, high-dimensional, and complex search spaces. Population-based techniques, i.e. variants evolutionary computation, well suited to finding them. These techniques make it possible find creative practical problems the real world, making AI through compu...

This paper explores the use of growth processes, or embryogenies, to map genotypes to phenotypes within evolutionary systems. Following a summary of the significant features of embryogenies, the three main types of embryogenies in Evolutionary Computation are then identified and explained: external, explicit and implicit. An experimental comparison between these three different embryogenies and...