We retrospectively studied 101 consecutive patients with Duane's retraction syndrome. Eighty-five percent were unilaterally affected and 15% were bilaterally affected. More patients had straight eyes in primary position than esotropia or exotropia. On lateral version reflex testing the amount of underaction of the lateral and medial rectus muscles could be determined, and could be used to predi...

Purpose The goal of this study was to determine if continuous application of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) could improve eye alignment of adult strabismic nonhuman primates and to assess possible mechanisms of effect. Methods A continuous release pellet of IGF-1 was placed on one medial rectus muscle in two adult nonhuman primates (M1, M2) rendered exotropic by the alternating monocula...

OBJECTIVE To examine the results of reversed fixation testing in patients who develop consecutive exotropia after surgery for infantile esotropia. METHODS The reversed fixation test was performed prospectively in 28 patients who developed consecutive exotropia after surgery for infantile esotropia. All patients were assessed for adduction weakness, latent nystagmus, dissociated vertical diver...

PURPOSE To compare the results between recession of the lateral recti and monocular recess-resect procedure for the correction of the basic type of intermittent exotropia. METHODS 115 patients with intermittent exotropia were submitted to surgery. The patients were divided into 4 groups, according to the magnitude of preoperative deviation and the surgical procedure was subsequently performed...

AIMS There is a general consensus that individuals with conspicuous strabismus are perceived more negatively with respect to physical appearance, personality and capability. Such social biases can potentially lead to social alienation and negative psychosocial development, particularly when experienced at a young age. This study aims to explore young children's perception of peers with noticeab...

To evaluate clinical factors associated with the onset of consecutive exotropia (XT) following esotropia surgery.By a retrospective nested case-control design, we reviewed the medical records of 193 patients who had undergone initial esotropia surgery between 2008 and 2015, and had follow-up longer than 6 months. The probable risk factors were evaluated between groups 1 (consecutive XT) and 2 (...

We evaluated effect of horizontal rectus surgery on sub-A or sub-V pattern intermittent exotropia. We enrolled patients with sub-A or sub-V pattern intermittent exotropia. The sub-A pattern was diagnosed when the eyes diverged less than 10 prism diopters (PD) from upgaze to downgaze, and sub-V pattern when the divergence was 14 PD or less from downgaze to upgaze. Patients had undergone horizont...

PURPOSE To determine the predictive factors that affect short term and long term postoperative drift in intermittent exotropia after bilateral lateral rectus recession and to evaluate its effect on surgical outcome. METHODS Retrospective review of 203 patients with diagnosis of intermittent exotropia, who had surgical corrections with more than 3 years of followup. Different preoperative para...

AIM Recent studies suggest that Asian strabismus patterns are different from those in the West. This study aims to determine the profile of children with comitant horizontal strabismus in Singapore. METHOD 682 children aged <or=16 years presenting with strabismus for the first time between 2000 and 2002 were included in this study. The type and size of the squint, visual acuity, refractive er...

AIM To assess the results of surgery of primary exotropia in Cameroon. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a retrospective study of all patients operated for primary exotropia in the Reference Hospital, Douala-Cameroon, between January 1992 and December 2005. Each case was operated once. The preoperative squint angle was measured the previous evening to surgery and the postoperative angle one year a...