SETTING The influence of undergraduate and postgraduate training on health professionals' career choices in favour of rural and underserved communities has not been clearly demonstrated in resource-constrained settings. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the influence of educational factors on the choice of rural or urban sites of practice of health professionals in South Africa. METHO...

Although young women now obtain higher course grades in math than boys and are just as likely to be enrolled in advanced math courses in high school, females continue to be underrepresented in some Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) occupations. This study drew on expectancy-value theory to assess (1) which intellectual and motivational factors in high school predict gende...

Because most conjoint studies are conducted in hypothetical situations with no consumption consequences for the participants, the extent to which the studies are able to uncover “true” consumer preference structures is questionable. Experimental economics literature, with its emphasis on incentive alignment and hypothetical bias, suggests that more realistic incentivealigned studies will result...

This paper develops a new likelihood-based method for the simultaneous estimation of structural demand-and-supply models for markets with differentiated products. We specify an individual-level discrete choice model of demand and derive the supply side assuming manufacturers compete in prices. The proposed estimation method considers price endogeneity through simultaneous estimation of demand a...

A generalized weak dominance approach is used to test the documented preference reversal (PR) phenomenon. This approach simply models risky choice behavior in PR as a choice between the best possible outcomes or a choice between the worst possible outcomes by equating smaller paired outcome difference between bets. The preference reversals are therefore seen as a consequence of the fact that ga...

OBJECTIVES To characterize the career choices and developments made by leading senior surgeons in this country and to examine hypothetically whether application of a short tracking program would have hindered their career decisions. DESIGN A survey pertaining to each surgeon's career, decisions, and opinions concerning surgical training. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Senior surgeons of regional ...

Legal professionals are naturally reluctant to trust fully automated techniques for privilege review. There are certainly cases in which fully manual review is a rational choice, but there are also cases in which reliance on some degree of automation is rational. This paper proposes a model that can help practitioners to make rational choices, and to explain those choices once they have been ma...

BACKGROUND Knowledge about UK doctors' career intentions and pathways is essential for understanding future workforce requirements. The aim of this study was to report career choices for and career progression in anaesthesia in the UK. METHODS Postal questionnaire surveys were undertaken of qualifiers from all UK medical schools in nine qualification years since 1974. RESULTS 74% (24623/334...

In the year 2000, the German government passed the most ambitious tax reform in post-war German history aiming at a significant tax relief for households. One central aim of this tax reform was to improve work incentives and, thereby, foster employment. In this paper, I estimate an intertemporal discrete choice model of female labor supply that allows to analyze the behavioral effects of the ta...

This paper considers the nonparametric identification and estimation of the average effect of a dummy endogenous variable in nonseparable models. The analysis includes the case of a dummy endogenous variable in a discrete choice model as a special case. This paper establishes conditions under which it is possible to identify and consistently estimate the average effect of the dummy endogenous v...