Chronic exposure to arsenic—usually via drinking water contaminated with inorganic arsenic—has been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in countries around the world. New research shows that arsenic exposure may be an environmental risk factor for gestational diabetes as well [EHP 117:1059–1064; Ettinger et al.]. Arsenic may promote type 2 diabetes by increasing insuli...

Evidence for the effect of occupational exposure to lead on the male endocrine system is conflicting. This study evaluated the primary (testicular) and secondary (hypothalamo pituitary testicular) effects of exposure to lead in 122 current lead workers and 49 non-exposed workers. The mean current blood lead concentration was 35.2 (range 9.6-77.4) micrograms/dl in the exposed workers, and 8.3 (r...

background: foundry workers are occupationally exposed to hazardous substances such as silica dusts and toxic gases. the aim of this study was to examine the effects of simultaneous exposure to complex mixtures of silica dust, formaldehyde, and triethylamine on lung function parameters. study design: a cross-sectional study. methods: this study was conducted on 55 male workers of core making un...

Background: Cobalt (Co) is an essential trace element for mammals required for the synthesis of vitamin B12. It is not a cumulative toxin but chronic exposure induces negative effects on the organism. It was proven that cobalt passes via placenta appearing in the fetal blood and amniotic fluid and it is shown to possess an embryotoxic effect. Also, chromium (Cr) is recognized as a trace element...

the aim of this study was to examine the adverse effects of zinc nanoparticles on hematological indices of trout and investigate the improvement of these indices after vitamin c treatments. this study assesses the protective role of vitamin c in fish exposed to zno nps. two concentrations of zno-nps (40 and 80 mg l-1) and two doses of vitamin c (400 and 800 mg per kg of feed) were used to treat...