BACKGROUND In low-incidence countries, most tuberculosis (TB) cases occur among migrants and are caused by reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) acquired in the country of origin. Diagnosis and treatment of LTBI are rarely implemented to reduce the burden of TB in immigrants, partly because the cost-effectiveness profile of this intervention is uncertain. The objective of this re...

OBJECTIVE To assess the cost-effectiveness of community-based practitioner programmes in Ethiopia, Indonesia and Kenya. METHODS Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for the three programmes were estimated from a government perspective. Cost data were collected for 2012. Life years gained were estimated based on coverage of reproductive, maternal, neonatal and child health services. For Ethio...

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether a single optimal vaccination strategy exists across countries to deal with a future influenza pandemic by comparing the cost effectiveness of different strategies in various pandemic scenarios for three European countries. DESIGN Economic and epidemic modelling study. SETTINGS General populations in Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. DATA SO...

BACKGROUND This article is part of a project to determine the cost-effectiveness of averting the burden of disease. We used population data to investigate the costs and benefits of allocating resources to optimal treatment for asthma in adults, using a burden of disease framework. METHODS We calculated the population burden of asthma in the absence of any treatment as years lived with disabil...

OBJECTIVE To determine the relative cost-effectiveness of three intrauterine devices (IUDs), MLCu375, TCu380A, and YuangongCu365. METHODS Cost-effectiveness of three IUDs, namely MLCu375, TCu380A, and YuangongCu365, was analyzed from the provider's perspective by means of a randomized trial with one-year follow-up carried out in six centers in China. RESULTS YuangongCu 365 had the lowest te...

BACKGROUND Studies on the immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have increasingly gained attention since 1990s. However, there are pros (preventing of AD) and cons (incurred cost and side effects) regarding the administration of immunotherapy. Up to date, there has been lacking of economic evaluation for immunotherapy of AD. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness analysis of the vaccina...

When different health care interventions are not expected to produce the same outcomes both the costs and the consequences of the options need to be assessed. This can be done by cost-effectiveness analysis, whereby the costs are compared with outcomes measured in natural units--for example, per life saved, per life year gained, and per pain or symptom free day. Many cost-effective analyses rel...

This study ranked the cost-effectiveness of health interventions in the metal working industry in a developing country. Data were based on 82 034 workers of the Northern region of Mexico. Effectiveness was measured through 'healthy life years' (HeaLYs) gained. Costs were estimated per worker according to type and appropriate inputs from selected health interventions. 'Hand' was the anatomical r...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relative cost-effectiveness of introducing the RTS,S malaria vaccine in sub-Saharan Africa compared with further scale-up of existing interventions. DESIGN A mathematical modelling and cost-effectiveness study. SETTING Sub-Saharan Africa. PARTICIPANTS People of all ages. INTERVENTIONS The analysis considers the introduction and scale-up of the RTS,S malaria va...

Sir, the recent report on mage-enhanced endoscopy for diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal tumor is very interesting.1 Kim and Ku1 noted that the usefulness of these image enhanced endoscopy has not been proven yet, although there are several studies reporting diagnostic superiority of these new imaging methods over white light endoscopy. In fact, the new image-enhanced endoscopy has sev...