Sustained neutrophilic infiltration is known to contribute to organ damage, such as acute lung injury. CXC chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) is the major receptor regulating inflammatory neutrophil recruitment in acute and chronic inflamed tissues. Whether or not the abundant neutrophil recruitment observed in severe pneumonia is essential for protective immunity against Streptococcus pneumoniae inf...

BACKGROUND The anti-inflammatory effects of proanthocyanidins (PACs), isolated from blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) leaves, were analysed using carrageenin-induced paw oedema and carrageenin-induced pleurisy in rats. RESULTS Pretreatment of the animals with PACs (10, 30, 60 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced paw oedema induced by carrageenin in a dose and time-dependent manner. PACs also inhibited d...

The kinds of cells and the sequence in which they appeared in the inflammatory exudate were studied in a series of experimentally produced pneumonic lesions in dogs. There was a gradual and progressive change in the character of the exudate and the kinds of cells as the disease progressed. The microscopic findings could be more closely correlated with the age of the lesions than with their gros...

Ceftazidime demonstrates time-dependent killing, which is maximal at 4 x or 5 x MIC for the organism, consequently continuous infusion (CI) has been proposed to ensure adequate ceftazidime concentrations for the entire course of therapy. Severe intra-abdominal infections (IAIs) require surgical or percutaneous drainage for management, and ceftazidime is frequently prescribed. Cardiovascular or ...

Tall fescue [Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.)] is a cool-season perennial grass used in pastures throughout the Southeastern United States. The grass can harbor a shoot-specific fungal endophyte (Epichloë coenophiala) thought to provide the plant with enhanced resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Because alkaloids produced by the common variety of the endophyte cause severe animal health iss...

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seeds and roots can create complex rhizosphere effects by releasing flavonoids that induce nodulation (nod) genes in Rhizobium meliloti. Previous reports identified luteolin and 4,4'-dihydroxy-2'-methoxychalcone as strong inducers that are released from seeds and roots, respectively, and 4',7-dihydroxyflavone and 4',7-dihydroxyflavanone as weaker inducers which are ...

Lyt phenotypes of peritoneal exudate T lymphocytes from Listeria monocytogenes-immune mice were determined with respect to their capacity to confer protection upon local or systemic transfer. It is shown that, locally, Lyt 1 T cells provide protection, whereas only unselected native populations, containing adequate numbers of Lyt 123 T cells, were effective in transferring systemic protection. ...

The possible role of hyaluronidase in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases was first suggested some ten years ago (Wallenfels, 1941; Hahn, 1944), since which time the subject has received a fair amount of attention. Certain observations in the literature suggest some interrelationship between the pathological changes of the mesenchymal tissue and an imbalance of the hyaluronidase-hyaluronic -...