The standard one-step M-FC broth-membrane-filter procedure for recovery of fecal coliforms from chlorinated sewage effluents is much less effective than the multiple-tube (most-probable-number) technique. A two-step membrane-filter method, using a pre-enrichment technique with phenol red lactose broth and incubation at 35 degrees C for 4 h, followether 18+/-2 h, enhanced fecal coliform recovery...

A comparison of two types of scalders was conducted to determine their effectiveness in reducing bacterial contamination of poultry carcasses. A conventional hot-water scalder and a prototype model of a steam scalder were tested under commercial conditions. Total plate counts from steam-scalded birds were significantly lower than the counts of water-scalded birds immediately after scalding and ...

Fifty milk samples were assessed for prevalence and enumeration of coliform bacteria under refrigeration. Refrigeration exerted profound effect conferring diminished growth of Citrobacter, Enterobacter and Serratia, however, itfavoured Salmonella, E.coli and Klebsiella on other hand. Among them, Salmonella appeared with highest load both in pre-refrigerated (23%) as well as post-refrigerated (4...

The coliform bacterial population in the Grand Forks, N.Dak. sewage system was examined for multiple-antibiotic-resistant organisms over a 1-year period. Multiple-antibiotic-resistant coliforms were found to be common in the sewage, and their numbers remained fairly constant relative to the total coliform population throughout the year. Resistance to kanamycin, tetracycline, and ampicillin was ...

BACKGROUND Samples of drinking water were collected directly from the personal water bottles of students at an elementary school in Calgary, Alberta. METHODS Total and fecal coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria were enumerated using membrane filtration and agar plate count methods respectively. RESULTS The Canadian Drinking Water Quality Guidelines (CWQG) criterion was exceeded for total co...

Potential antimicrobial activity of follicular fluid and its selectivity remains open questions in field of human and animal reproduction. In our work we examine antimicrobial activity of porcine follicular fluid on coliform bacteria, as Gram-negative, and B. cereus, as Gram-positive, by incubation of different dilatations of bacteria with follicular fluid in cultivation medium and microbiologi...

Several methods have been suggested for the accurate, rapid, and convenient detection and enumeration of Escherichia coli in potable waters, stream samples, sewage, and in certain food products. The first of these procedures was described by Eijkman who proposed a "fecal coli" test that he believed differentiated between coliforms from the gut of warm-blooded animals and strains originating fro...