Patterns of selection are widely believed to differ geographically, causing adaptation to local environmental conditions. However, few studies have investigated patterns of phenotypic selection across large spatial scales. We quantified the intensity of selection on morphology in a monogamous passerine bird, the barn swallow Hirundo rustica, using 6495 adults from 22 populations distributed acr...

OBJECTIVE To study the diaphyseal Nutrient Foramina (NF) of dry Pakistani fibulae morphometrically and topographically. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Anatomy Department, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, from December 2013 to April 2014. METHODOLOGY The materials comprised 168 dried fibulae, 80 of left side and 88 of right side. Length of ...

Consider the Ising model on a centered box of side length n in $${\mathbb {Z}}^d$$ with $${{\mp }}$$ -boundary conditions that are minus upper half-space and plus lower half-space. Dobrushin famously showed dimensions $$d\ge 3$$ , at low-temperatures interface (dual-surface separating plus/minus phases) is rigid, i.e., it has O(1) height fluctuations. Recently, authors decomposed these oscillat...

The study aimed to determine factors affecting the dry period length and effect of dry days on milk yield, milk composition and lactation length in the next lactation of dairy cows. Data used for analysis included 7264 lactation records collected from 2012 to 2016 on 4737 Holstein cows raised in 152 herds. The statistical model used to determine the factors influencing the dry period length sho...

A novel method of harvesting whole-plant corn silage, shredlage, may increase kernel processing and physically effective fiber. Improved fiber effectiveness may be especially advantageous when feeding brown midrib (BMR) corn hybrids, which have reduced lignin content. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of feeding TMR containing BMR corn shredlage (SHRD) compared with BMR co...

A weak square in a binary word is a pair of adjacent non-empty blocks of the same length, having the same number of 1s. A weak circular square is a weak square which is possibly wrapped around the word: the tail protruding from the right end of the word reappears at the left end. Two weak circular squares are equivalent if they have the same length and contain the same number of ones. We prove ...

We justify discrete and asymptotic approximations for the radiative-conductive heat transfer problem in a system of heat-conductive rods with square cross-section separated by vacuum layers placed box. obtain error estimates order $$ O\left(\sqrt{\varepsilon }/\lambda \right) O\left(\sqrt{\varepsilon}\right), where ε is length rod side, λ conductivity.