Agenda 2020 has identified the need to improve the quality of recovered fiber. This project addresses this challenge with the use oxidative enzymes, such as laccase and soybean peroxidase/hydrogen peroxide, that increase the fiber charge of recycled fibers. By increasing the number of surface carboxylic acid groups on recycle fiber, this treatment will improve paper strength. In addition, oxida...

A high-power 83 W cladding-pumped Tm3+-Ho3+-doped silica fiber laser is reported. Using bidirectional 793 nm diode pumping, a maximum slope efficiency of 42% was produced after a threshold launched pump power of 12 W was exceeded. The laser operated at wavelengths near 2105 nm with moderate beam quality, i.e., M2 approximately 1.5. Further power scaling of the fiber laser was limited by thermal...

Cotton is unusual among major crops in that large acreages are grown under both irrigated and rainfed conditions, making genotype x environment interactions of even greater importance than usual in designing crop-improvement strategies. We describe the impact of well-watered versus water-limited growth conditions on the genetic control of fiber quality, a complex suite of traits that collective...

The influence of the fiber geometry on the point-by-point inscription of fiber Bragg gratings using a femtosecond laser is highlighted. Fiber Bragg gratings with high spectral quality and strong first-order Bragg resonances within the C-band are achieved by optimizing the inscription process. Large birefringence (1.2x10(-4)) and high degree of polarization-dependent index modulation are observe...

to increasing total energy content through (i) increasing the contribution of grain and (ii) increasing the digestMaize (Zea mays L.) silage is a high-quality forage for ruminants, ibility of the stover. Much of the variation in forage dibut there have been few significant breeding efforts specifically dedicated to improving maize forage yield or quality by breeders in the gestibility can be ac...

This paper focuses on the recent research in optical communications and the effects of fiber non linearities in optical communication. Moreover, this paper covers the investigation on characteristics of optical fiber, modelling/analysis of fiber nonlinearities and laser effect on optical fiber in the literature. This paper also provides the information about the parameters, methodology and mate...

Fiber lasers are rapidly gaining market shares for industrial applications due to compactness, high electrical-to-optical efficiency, high beam quality and low running cost. However, for directed energy weapons, fiber lasers have until now been unable to meet the requirements of military, where power levels around 100 kW are aimed for through combining of multiple, high beam quality lasers. The...

Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus L. is a herbaceous perennial plant that could be drought tolerant once established after the first year. To evaluate the effects of water stress on growth parametersand forage quality of this plant, a field experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications in Isfahan, Iran during 2013-2015. Treatments wer...

A method for automated generation of finite element meshes for unidirectional composites with waviness defects is proposed. Images used as input for mesh generation are recorded with X-ray computed micro-tomography. Quality and contrast of the scanned images is such that fiber directions cannot be detected everywhere. To generate finite elements mesh that follow fiber directions it is suggested...