We investigated the effect of aptness in the comprehension of copular metaphors (e.g., Lawyers are sharks) by Alzheimer's Disease (AD) patients. Aptness is the extent to which the vehicle (e.g., shark) captures salient properties of the topic (e.g., lawyers). A group of AD patients provided interpretations for metaphors that varied both in aptness and familiarity. Compared to healthy controls, ...

Since Aristotle, people have believed that metaphors and similes express the same type of figurative meaning, despite the fact that they are expressed with different sentence patterns. In contrast, recent psycholinguistic models have suggested that metaphors and similes may promote different comprehension processes. In this study, we investigated the neural substrates involved in the comprehens...

The essence of the conceptual and figurative concept in linguistic literary approach is studied. conceptual-figurative one units that fill figurative-semantic system author. Its function an autobiographical work considered as a way transmitting author's consciousness, which organizing center has multi-level structure complex content artistic work. role formation semantic determined. te...

metonymy is one of the ambiguous factors in the literary eloquence. yakobson in his discussion about figurative and metaphoric poles of the language, considers figure substituting process on the vicinity basis and he takes it into account as an obvious characteristic of the prose. where as figure in literary eloquence, especially in contemporary poetry, is considered as an eloquent element beca...

The hand stencils of European Paleolithic art tend to be considered of pre-Magdalenian age and scholars have generally assigned them to the Gravettian period. At El Castillo Cave, application of U-series dating to calcite accretions has established a minimum age of 37,290 years for underlying red hand stencils, implying execution in the earlier part of the Aurignacian if not beforehand. Togethe...

The problem of manual ly modifying the lexicon appears with any na tura l language processing program. Ideally, a program should be able to acquire new lexieal entries from context, the way people learn. We address the problem of acquiring entire phrases, specifically Jigurative phr~es, through augment ing a phr~al lezico~ Facilitating such a self-extending lexicon involves (a) disambiguation~s...

religious scientists opinion about the numbers meaning in quran is different. some of them including shahab-o-ddin ebne edris reject that the numbers shall go out of their main original meaning and shall be applied in their virtual meaning and some others agree that some numbers like seven, seventy, and thousands are indicative of figurative meanings and say about them: the meaning of these num...

There are 2 basic controversies concerning how metaphors are processed. First, are metaphoric mappings more akin to literal comparisons or to literal categorizations? And second, is metaphor comprehension indirect or direct? We believe that these controversies are more appqent than real and that a unified theoretical framework can be offered that reconciles these opposing views. The central ide...

In this visual world eye tracking study we explored simulation of fictive motion during language comprehension in figurative sentences in Hindi. Eye movement measures suggest that language comprehenders gaze longer at visual scenes on hearing fictive motion sentences compared to their literal counterparts. The results support previous findings in English and provide cross linguistic evidence fo...