chronic kidney disease (ckd) is an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. prospective data on risk factors for ckd are few. hypertension is one of the risk factors for ckd. in the past serum creatinine concentration was used as marker of kidney function but it proffers a late reflection of reduced glomerular filtration rate(gfr), which limits its ability to detect impaired kidne...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Microalbuminuria increases cardiovascular risk and is considered a metabolic disorder. Low glomerular filtration rate is also associated with increased cardiovascular risk, but the relation of low glomerular filtration rate to metabolic disorders is not well understood. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Designed as a cross-sectional, epidemiologic study, ...