Resistance to phagocytosis and epithelial cell binding of Group A streptococci is undoubtedly mediated by surface to surface interactions between host and bacterial cells. Previous ultrastructural studies have demonstrated that the M antigen is associated with surface projections which have been referred to as "fimbriae" (1). The observations were based on ultrastructural studies comparing M-pr...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are an important cause of post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets. Porcine-specific ETEC strains possess different fimbrial subtypes of which F4 fimbriae are the most frequently associated with ETEC-induced diarrhea in piglets. These F4 fimbriae are potent oral immunogens that induce protective F4-specific IgA antibody secreting cells at intestinal tissues...

The sequencing of highly virulent Escherichia coli O104:H4 strains isolated during the outbreak of bloody diarrhea and hemolytic uremic syndrome in Europe in 2011 revealed a genome that contained a Shiga toxin encoding prophage and a plasmid encoding enteroaggregative fimbriae. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of a strain isolated in Sweden from a patient who had travelled to Tunisia ...

BACKGROUND Bacterial invasion of host epithelial cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis; however, the exact mechanism of the invasion has not been investigated. METHODS Pocket epithelium biopsies in periodontitis were analysed via scanning and transmission electron microscopy using ultra-histochemical staining with ruthenium red for glycocalyx visualization. RESU...

A variety of virulence factors (VFs) such as type 1 fimbriae, pilus associated with pyelonephritis, S fimbriae, afimbrial adhesin, alpha-hemolysin, aerobactin and cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 are associated with uropathogenic Escherichia coli. In this study, 80 uropathogenic E. coli strains in 50 dogs and 30 cats suffering from UTI. In addition, 60 E. coli strains were isolated from fecal sam...

This study shows that the expression of yjcC, an in vivo expression (IVE) gene, and the stress response regulatory genes soxR, soxS, and rpoS are paraquat inducible in Klebsiella pneumoniae CG43. The deletion of rpoS or soxRS decreased yjcC expression, implying an RpoS- or SoxRS-dependent control. After paraquat or H2O2 treatment, the deletion of yjcC reduced bacterial survival. These effects c...

Fimbrial antigens are very often associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains, especially those which cause extraintestinal infections. These fimbriae have the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes {hemagglutination) and can be further grouped according to their receptor specificity. P-fimbriae recognize the 2-D-Gal-{1 -4)-ß-D-Gal region of globotetraosylceramide and trihexosylceramide, wh...

Urinary tract infection with Proteus mirabilis may lead to serious complications, including cystitis, acute pyelonephritis, fever, bacteremia, and death. In addition to the production of hemolysin and the enzyme urease, fimbriae and flagellum-mediated motility have been postulated as virulence factors for this species. We purified mannose-resistant/proteuslike (MR/P) fimbriae and flagella from ...

Recombinant live oral vaccines expressing pathogen-derived antigens offer a unique set of attractive properties. Among these are the simplicity of administration, the capacity to induce mucosal and systemic immunity, and the advantage of permitting genetic manipulation for optimal antigen presentation. In this study, the benefit of having a heterologous antigen expressed on the surface of a liv...

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the causative agent of a wide range diseases, which are important cause illness and mortality in piglets. ETEC strains expressing F4 fimbriae frequently associated with post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) lead to great economic losses swine production industry worldwide. The aim this study was establish rapid effective isothermal amplification method for detec...