polyvinylidene fluoride/polyvinylpyrrolidone (pvdf/pvp) hollow fiber membranes were fabricated by dry-jet wet-spinning process. the correlated effects of the air gap length and pvp concentration ((1) the air gap length effect at the low and high pvp concentration in the dope solutions, as well as (2) the effect of the pvp concentration at the same air gap length) on the cross-section structure ...

cytology of ustialgo maydis teliospore, basidiospore and mycelium was investigated with epiflouresent microscope using both ethidium bromide and ocridin orange. surface sterilized teliospores were cultured on pda + 10% dextrose medium and incubated at 25ºc for 5 days. the results revealed that nucleus in teliospore occupied most of the inner part of its cell. sporidia had an ellipsoid shape nuc...