HERMANN (1885) found that small fish (and fish embryos) and other animals such as tadpoles in a direct current (D.C.) field of a certain density, direct themselves parallel to the current lines, with their heads towards the anode (galvanotropism). On reversing the current all these animals turn 180 and the fish swim to the other electrode (galvanotaxis). This has been confirmed by Blasius & Sch...

The symmetrical, flexible teleost fish 'tail' has been a prime example of recapitulation - evolutionary change (phylogeny) mirrored in development (ontogeny). Paleozoic ray-finned fishes (Actinopterygii), relatives of teleosts, exhibited ancestral scale-covered tails curved over their caudal fins. For over 150 years, this arrangement was thought to be retained in teleost larva and overgrown, mi...

The near-field structure of strongly buoyant jet issuing from a square nozzle at low Froude and Reynolds numbers is studied by using three-dimensional LIF flow visualization and scanning PIV. These experimental techniques allow the visualization of unsteady three-dimensional flow phenomenon occurring in the near-field of strongly buoyant jet. It is found that the buoyant jet is unstable to the ...

A number of investigations carried out in an abrasive jet machining process having a traditional material with traditional nozzle. In some publication are focusing on water jet cutting machining and some are focusing on sand bond grinding , some work are wear behavior of nozzle and some are on performance of material in water jet machining. The present research work give an analysis of performa...

The objective of this study was the evaluation of spray volume and nozzle type effect on different formulation (water dispersible granules WG and oil dispersion OD) of two sulfonylurea herbicides: the mixture iodosulfuron methyl sodium + amidosulfuron and iodosulfuron methyl sodium + mesosulfuron methyl efficacy. There were investigated three levels of spray volume (125 l*ha, 250 l*ha and 350 l...

0045-7930/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd. A doi:10.1016/j.compfluid.2009.10.006 * Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +1 949 824 1750. E-mail address: [email protected] (F. Liu). The vortex dominated flows in the near field of jets from notched circular nozzles are investigated using direct numerical simulation. The nozzles studied include a normal circular nozzle, a V-shaped notched nozzle, and a...

Aircraft noise is a complex topic which is projected to increase with the increasing number of aircraft and size of the engines. Turbine-powered aircraft produce sounds that are considered pollutants at certain decibel levels. Turbofan engines are inherently quieter than turbojet engines for a given level of thrust. The purpose of this research is to determine if current turbofan noise reductio...

A new nozzle system for the efficient production of multi-layered nanofibers through electrospinning is reported. Developed a decade ago, the commonly used coaxial nozzle system consisting of two concentric cylindrical needles has remained unchanged, despite recent advances in multi-layered, multi-functional nanofibers. Here, we demonstrate a core-cut nozzle system, in which the exit pipe of th...

A novel multi-mode spacecraft propulsion concept is presented. The concept combines chemical monopropellant and electric pulsed inductive thruster technology to include shared propellant and shared conical nozzle. Geometry calculations show that existing conical pulsed inductive thruster experiments are typical of large (1000-4000 N) chemical monopropellant thruster nozzles. Performance and pro...