A modified in situ technique for measuring heterotrophic nitrogen fixing (acetylene reducing) activity associated to rice is proposed. Ethylene evolution rates measured in opaque cylinders covering the stems of rice plants which have been cut 10 cm over the water level were found independent of the diurnal cycle. Cutting of the leaves resulted in decreased variation between plants and suppressi...

Gamication—the use of game mechanics in conventionally nongame activities— has received attention in the eld of education. Games, however, are not reducible to the common mechanisms of gamication that target extrinsic motivation, and may also include elements such as role playing, world making, and collective storytelling. Here, the authors discuss the potential learning benets of largescal...

Alternate Reality Games (ARG) tend to have story-driven game structures. Hence, it is useful to investigate how player activities interact with the often pre-scripted storyline in this genre. In this article, we report on a study of a particular ARG production, Conspiracy For Good (CFG), which was at the same time emphasising the role of strong storytelling, and active on-site participation by ...

The photosynthetic CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco arose some 3.5 billion years ago, in an environment when CO2 was high and oxygen (O2) was low. Under these conditions, it was CO2 saturated and presumably performed well (Badger et al., 1998). However, since the advent of oxygenic photosynthesis, the levels of O2 have risen dramatically and CO2 has fallen to very low levels. This has gradually create...

Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for plant development. Plants synthesize sucrose in source organs and transport them to sink organs during plant growth. This metabolism is sensitive to environmental changes in light quantity, quality, and photoperiod. In the daytime, the synthesis of sucrose and starch accumulates, and starch is degraded at nighttime. The circadian clock genes provi...

We investigated the theoretical possibility of applying phenomenon of synchronization of coupled nonlinear oscillators to control alternate bearing in citrus. The alternate bearing of fruit crops is a phenomenon in which a year of heavy yield is followed by an extremely light one. This phenomenon has been modeled previously by the resource budget model, which describes a typical nonlinear oscil...

Folates, also known as B9 vitamins, serve as donors and acceptors in one-carbon (C1) transfer reactions. The latter are involved in synthesis of many important biomolecules, such as amino acids, nucleic acids and vitamin B5. Folates also play a central role in the methyl cycle that provides one-carbon groups for methylation reactions. The important functions fulfilled by folates make them essen...

This article aims to indicate the potential impact of European Green Deal strategy’s solutions on production native protein crops for animal feed and its role in achieving sovereignty supply this raw material Poland. Self-sufficiency plant is a concern that has been recognized widely discussed national scientific community among practitioners involved livestock and, above all, politicians Commi...

Sorghum and pearl millet are two important dry land crops that provide grain and fodder. India is the largest pearl millet producer and second largest producer of sorghum in the world. The productivity of these crops has been low due to various reasons such as unavailability of quality inputs to the farmers, lack of access to improved technologies for crop production, unavailability of credit o...