Abstract It is important to monitor the iced condition for operating wind turbine blades. However, most sensors are difficult be used in this quite cold and lightweight environment. Although fiber bragg grating (FBG) a good candidate case. With change of temperature, thermal expansion coefficient thermo-optical coeffecient FBG material will affect accuracy characteristics sensor. Aiming at appl...

Each row of the heat exchanger (HEX) has different hydraulic-thermal characteristics. When air velocity upstream HEX is lower than approximately 3 m/s, exchanged flow rates at first rows tubes are higher average value for entire HEX. The article presents determination individual correlations air-side Nusselt numbers on each a 4-row finned with continuous flat fins and round in staggered tube la...

Tracheostomy tubes are used to administer positive-pressure ventilation, to provide a patent airway, and to provide access to the lower respiratory tract for airway clearance. They are available in a variety of sizes and styles from several manufacturers. The dimensions of tracheostomy tubes are given by their inner diameter, outer diameter, length, and curvature. Differences in dimensions betw...

Many intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells do not adopt a spherical shape, which would be expected in the absence of mechanisms organizing their structure. However, little is known about the principles determining the shape of organelles. We have observed very defined structural changes of vacuoles, the lysosome equivalents of yeast. The vacuolar membrane can form a large tubular invag...

INTRODUCTION Conventional Vacutainer® Sodium Citrate blood collection tubes contain a relatively high concentration of contaminating magnesium ions, which may result in shortening of the prothrombin time (PT) and the International Normalized Ratio (INR). Recently the manufacturer of Vacutainer® Sodium Citrate tubes introduced new tubes with a magnesium-poor stopper. The magnesium concentration ...