The surface energy balance (SEB) is essential for understanding the coupled cryosphere-atmosphere system in the Arctic. In this study, we investigate the spatiotemporal variability in SEB across tundra, snow and ice. During the snow-free period, the main energy sink for ice sites is surface melt. For tundra, energy is used for sensible and latent heat flux and soil heat flux leading to permafro...

Oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in snow were measured in weekly profiles during the growth and decline of a sloped subalpine snowpack, southern Idaho, 2011–2012. Isotopic steps (10‰, δO; 80‰, δD) were preserved relative to physical markers throughout the season, albeit with some diffusive smoothing. Melting stripped off upper layers without shifting isotopes within the snowpack. Meltwater is in is...

A new 10-category, polarimetric-based hydrometeor identification algorithm (HID) for C band is developed from theoretical scattering simulations including wet snow, hail, and big drops/melting hail. TheHID is applied to data from seven wet seasons in Darwin, Australia, using the polarimetric C-band (C-POL) radar, to investigate microphysical differences between monsoon and break periods. Scatte...

The study deals with the possibility of reducing peak power consumption when melting snow/ice on pavements, by including meteorological prediction models. It is shown that if meteorological predictions are reasonably accurate e.g. more than 5 h into the future, the use of expensive fossil/electrical back-up fuel can be reduced in district heating systems based on bio fuel.

17 A model for the formation and distribution of sedimentary rocks on Mars 18 is proposed. The rate–limiting step is supply of liquid water from seasonal 19 melting of snow or ice. The model is run for a O(10) mbar pure CO2 atmo20 sphere, dusty snow, and solar luminosity reduced by 23%. For these conditions 21 snow only melts near the equator, and only when obliquity &40◦, eccentricity 22 &0.12...

[1] We use the Mars Regional Atmospheric Modeling System (MRAMS) to simulate lake storms onMars, finding that intense localized precipitation will occur for lake size ≥10 km. Mars has a low‐density atmosphere, so deep convection can be triggered by small amounts of latent heat release. In our reference simulation, the buoyant plume lifts vapor above condensation level, forming a 20 km high opti...

Comparison of Degree-Day and Radiation base Snowmelt Runoff Model (SRM) for Estimating from Snow Melting

Significant areas of agricultural lands are subject to seasonal, relatively thin snow covers. This cover affects temperature and moisture in the soil beneath, watershed hydrology, and energy budgets. The depth of snow impacts soil freezing with implications for soil hydraulic properties and over-winter survival of certain crops. The objective of this study was to incorporate a sophisticated sno...

[1] This paper addresses the effects of canopy physical processes on snow mass and energy balances in boreal ecosystems. We incorporate new parameterizations of radiation transfer through the vegetation canopy, interception of snow by the vegetation canopy, and under-canopy sensible heat transfer processes into the Versatile Integrator of Surface and Atmosphere (VISA) and test the model results...

[1] ‏ahmad, s. and simonovic, s.p. (2005). an artificial neural network model for generating hydrograph from hydrometeorological parameters, j. hydrol, 315, 236-251. [2] agarwal, a., mishra, s.k., ram, s. and singh, j.k. (2006). simulation of runoff and sediment yield using artificial neural networks, biosys. eng, 94(4), 597-613. [3] amini, m., abbaspour, k.c., khademi, h., fathianpour, n., afy...