BACKGROUND AND AIMS Small populations of rare plant species are increasingly reported to have high levels of reproductive failure. The objective of this study was to understand the principal constraints on sexual reproduction in small fragmented populations of a rare clonal self-incompatible plant. METHODS The pollinator spectrum, diversity of flower colour, natural pollination and fruit-set ...

An understanding of the breeding systems and pollination of agriculturally important plants is critical to germplasm improvement. Breeding system characteristics greatly influence the amount and spatial distribution of genetic variation within and amongst populations and influence the rarity and extinction vulnerability of plant species. Many woody bamboos have a long vegetative period (20-150 ...

Distinct floral pollination syndromes have emerged multiple times during the diversification of flowering plants. For example, in western North America, a hummingbird pollination syndrome has evolved more than 100 times, generally from within insect-pollinated lineages. The hummingbird syndrome is characterized by a suite of floral traits that attracts and facilitates pollen movement by humming...

Indole Acetic Acid 9 (IAA9) is a negative auxin response regulator belonging to the Aux/IAA transcription factor gene family whose downregulation triggers fruit set before pollination, thus giving rise to parthenocarpy. In situ hybridization experiments revealed that a tissue-specific gradient of IAA9 expression is established during flower development, the release of which upon pollination tri...

Pollination is the mechanical transfer of male pollen of a flower on the female stigma.This process has a fundamental role to survive the plants species.Since this process is invisible ,its importance has been ignored.Insufficient pollination can be harmful for the farmer instead of being useful.Pollination can be done via some ways.The most important ways are done by insects and wind.Pistachio...

In Petunia hybrida flowers, both pollination and stigma wounding induced a transient increase in ethylene pro­ duction and hastened corolla senescence. Ethylene production by different flower parts was measured in situ using laser photoacoustic (LPA) spectroscopy. In pollinated flowers, ethylene was exclusively produced by the stigma/style region whereas wounding of the stigma induced ethylene ...

The expansion of pollinator-dependent crops, especially in the developing world, together with reports of worldwide pollinator declines, raises concern of possible yield gaps. Farmers directly reliant on pollination services for food supply often live in regions where our knowledge of pollination services is poor. In a manipulative experiment replicated at 23 sites across an Ethiopian agricultu...

All pollinators are classified as either generalists or specialists, depending on the variety of flower species that they pollinate. This research project strives to understand how these generalist and specialist pollinators' flower preferences affect the features of the resulting pollination network. More specifically, it aims to quantify and compare the ecological health of the pollination ne...

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2017.01.012 The first record of hand pollination was in a relief from an Assyrian dynasty, 800 BC, now preserved in the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. In the relief, shown in Figure 1A, two winged deities gingerly fertilize a date palm tree by using a male flower. Nearly 3,000 years later, pollination has been automated. In this issue of Chem, Chechetka et al. de...

Gentiana leucomelaena manifests dramatic flower color polymorphism, with both blue- and white-flowered individuals (pollinated by flies and bees) both within a population and on an individual plant. Previous studies of this species have shown that pollinator preference and flower temperature change as a function of flower color throughout the flowering season. However, few if any studies have e...