Recent state-wide surveillance of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the state of Gujarat has shown resistance to flouroquinolones (FQ) in 24 per cent cases (19% among new and 25% among previously treated TB cases)1. This increase of drug resistance correlates well with the very widespread use (the broad indications of this class of antimicrobials in lower-respiratory, gastrointestinal, genitourina...

BACKGROUND Transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsies (TRUSBx), in spite of being one of the most frequently performed urological office procedures, are associated with a spectrum of complications, most significantly including infection. The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria in rectal swabs from our local population prior to TRUSBx and to ...

Fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is primarily mediated by point mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA and parC. Antimicrobial resistance mutations in housekeeping genes often decrease fitness of microorganisms. To investigate the fitness of quinolone-resistant S. pneumoniae (QRSP), the relative growth efficiencies of 2 isogenic QRSP double mutan...

Antibiotic treatment of lung infections may lead to the emergence of resistance in the gut flora. Appropriate dosing regimens could mitigate this adverse effect. In gnotobiotic rats harboring intestinal Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium populations, a lung infection by Klebsiella pneumoniae was instigated with two different sizes of inoculum to represent an early or a late initiation of...

BACKGROUND Gonorrhea is a major sexually transmitted disease (STD) in many countries worldwide. The emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance has complicated efforts to control and treat this disease. We report the first study of the evolutionary processes acting on transmission dynamics of a resistant gonococcal population from Shanghai, China. We compare these findings with our previous study o...

BACKGROUND To determine the relationship between type three secretion genotype and fluoroquinolone resistance for P. aeruginosa strains isolated from microbial keratitis during the Steroids for Corneal Ulcers Trial (SCUT) and for two laboratory strains, PA103 and PAO1. METHODS Confirmed P. aeruginosa isolates from the SCUT were divided into exoU(+) or exoU(-). The exoU(+) strains contained th...