Interpretive, front-of-pack (FOP) nutrition labels may encourage reformulation of packaged foods. We aimed to evaluate the effects of the Health Star Rating (HSR), a new voluntary interpretive FOP labelling system, on food reformulation in New Zealand. Annual surveys of packaged food and beverage labelling and composition were undertaken in supermarkets before and after adoption of HSR i.e., 20...

Feeding marine wildlife as a tourism experience has become a popular means by which to attract both people and wildlife, although management efforts are still in their infancy. "Stingray City Sandbar" in the Cayman Islands, where visitors can hand feed free-ranging Southern Stingrays (Dasyatis americana), is a world-famous attraction currently undergoing visitor and wildlife management. One pla...

Despite decades of intense research, it remains largely unsolved which nutritional factors underpin food selection by large herbivores in the wild. We measured nutritional composition of birch foliage (Betula pubescens) available to, and used by, moose (Alces alces) in natural settings in two neighboring regions with contrasting animal body mass. This readily available food source is a staple f...

BACKGROUND Inequitable access to healthy food may contribute to health disparities. This study examines the relationship between the prevalence of adult diabetes and food access in the U.S. by county economic/racial composition. METHODS An ecological study from 2012 was used to estimate the relationship between diabetes and retail food outlet access. County diabetes prevalence was measured ba...

Zooplankton are an important trophic link and a key food source for many larval fish species in estuarine ecosystems. The present study documents temporal and spatial zooplankton dynamics in Suisun Bay and the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta—the landward portion of the San Francisco Estuary (California, USA)—over a 37year period (1972–2008). The zooplankton community experienced major changes in s...

1. Previous evidence suggests that bacterially mediated decomposition of complex organic substrates increases with greater food web diversity. We attempted to identify changes in bacterial community composition and function associated with increased decomposition in more diverse food webs. 2. We used aquatic microcosms where we manipulated productivity with different initial nutrient concentrat...

Our current environment is characterized by the omnipresence of food cues. The sight and smell of real foods, but also graphically depictions of appetizing foods, can guide our eating behavior, for example, by eliciting food craving and influencing food choice. The relevance of visual food cues on human information processing has been demonstrated by a growing body of studies employing food ima...

The narrowing of diversity in crop species contributing to the world's food supplies has been considered a potential threat to food security. However, changes in this diversity have not been quantified globally. We assess trends over the past 50 y in the richness, abundance, and composition of crop species in national food supplies worldwide. Over this period, national per capita food supplies ...

The Food and Drugs Act 1955 This Act contains a number of general provisions that relate directly or indirectly to nutrition. Section I provides that no person shall add anything to or abstract anything from food, or subject food to any other process or treatment, so as to render it injurious to health. Section 2 makes it an offence to sell food to the prejudice of the purchaser that is not of ...

moisture sorption isotherms are useful in food dehydration, storage and packaging. because of the complex food composition, experimental measurements are necessary for prediction of the isotherms. moisture sorption isotherms of thompson seedless raisins were determined at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80?c, using the standard static gravimetric method developed by the european cooperation project cost...