ARIFF reductions, falling transport costs, and reduced barriers to international capital flows have created extensive opportunities for multinational firms operating in increasingly integrated global markets. In the midst of rapid integration and globalization, firms still face tax systems that differ among countries, and these differences have the potential to affect major investment and finan...

this paper investigates the effect of exchange rate uncertainty on the iran’s import trade. the exchange rate ‎uncertainty series were generated utilizing the tarch model. this model analyzes the asymmetric effects. the analysis of uncertainty and asymmetry ‎of the exchange rate shows significant tarch ‎effect on iran’s exchange rates‎. the findings of the study indicate negative shocks (bad ne...

The foreign exchange market is one of the biggest markets in the global financial capital market. With current trends toward financial capital globalization, it is becoming more important to understand the hedge and arbitrage of foreign exchange markets. Thus, this study implements association rules as a data mining approach to explore the associations among 19 different pairs of foreign exchan...

The integration of world capital markets carries important implications for the design and impact of tax policies. This paper evaluates research findings on international taxation, drawing attention to connections and inconsistencies between theoretical and empirical observations. Diamond and Mirrlees (1971) note that small open economies incur very high costs in attempting to tax the returns t...

R emittances, defined as the money transfers made by migrants to their families and friends back home, have increasingly captured the attention of policymakers as their magnitude keeps rising and their role in economic development becomes more obvious. Nowhere is this more true than in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), a region in which growth in domestic incomes and capital flows has stag...

We conducted an inquiry on the short run and long impact of energy use, trade openness, exchange rate foreign direct investment (FDI) in Indonesia from 1981 to 2015. Energy use is one key variables because host countries cannot easily anticipate short�term shortage, whereas investors interpret such shortage as indicator progress readiness manufacturing sector. error correction model explain...

, the Bank convened a conference entitled 'International Integration of the Australian Economy'. The following excerpt is the introductory chapter of the conference volume. The structure and performance of the Australian economy have been shaped profoundly by international linkages. Despite their enduring importance, however, the strength of the links between Australia and the rest of the world...

iran  budgeting  structure  and concepts  have  changed  since  200 i .these changes  embrace  the  items  such  as  ,   concepts  of revenues  ,   expenses  , capital   assets   as  well   as   financial   assets   ,    which   resulted    in  more information  transparency .   as a results  the government  budget  is  drawn up  as  such  of an  economic   firm's  budget.  structural  ref...

foreign trade of any country is considered as one of the major economic sectors of that society as far as some refer to trade as the “engine of growth”. foreign exchange rate and its volatilities is one of the effective factors determining foreign trade. the present paper deals with the impact of real exchange rate uncertainty on imports in iran during 1979-2009. in this respect, first, among v...