Amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) in speech signals are believed to reflect various non-linear phenomena during the speech production process. In this paper, the amplitude and frequency modulation patterns are analyzed for the first three speech resonances in relation to the fundamental frequency (F0). The formant tracks are estimated, and the resonant signals are extracte...

Seeing that speakers increase the intensity of their voice when speaking in loud noise (Lombard effect), this paper proposes a speech transformation approach to mimic this Lombard effect for improving the intelligibility of speech in noisy environments. The approach attempts to simulate the variations of duration, formant frequencies, formant bandwidth, fundamental frequency (F0), and energy in...

In this paper, we propose a low bit rate waveform interpolation speech coder where the novelty lies with an e ective decomposition method of pitch cycle waveform(PCW). PCWs exhibit very di erent perceptual characteristics in di erent frequency bands. For frequency components below 1kHz, they are quantized using Variable Dimensional Vector Quantization(VDVQ) scheme. Hereby retaining the ne harmo...

In this paper, the feature set of fundamental frequency, formant center frequencies, and formant bandwidths were used in speaker verification experiments using the database distributed by the Speaker Odyssey Workshop. The features were extracted using the Entropic Signal Processing System. The main classifier was a Gaussian Mixture Model system built by MIT Lincoln Laboratory, but tests were al...

This paper presents a new frequency-domain adaptive postfilter for enhancement of noisy speech. The postfilter suppresses the noise in spectral valleys and allows more noise in the formant regions where i t is masked by the speech signal. First, we perform an LPC analysis of the noisy speech and calculate its log magnitude spectrum. After identifying the formants and spectral valleys, the log m...

This study explored the relationship between the production of the nine English vowels and the perception of synthesized vowels by thirty-five American, Chinese, and Korean, male and female speakers. The average formant values of the ten American English speakers were employed to synthesize the nine vowels that were presented to the thirty-five speakers. The center formant values of the highest...

We investigated sensorimotor adaptation to auditory feedback perturbations during speech production. In Study I, formant or fundamental frequency (F0) feedback was manipulated during sustained vowels. When F0 feedback was altered, group data showed upward F0 adjustments regardless of the feedback shift direction. When formant feedback was altered, group data showed opposing adjustments in both ...

Body weight, length, and vocal tract length were measured for 23 rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) of various sizes using radiographs and computer graphic techniques. linear predictive coding analysis of tape-recorded threat vocalizations were used to determine vocal tract resonance frequencies ("formants") for the same animals. A new acoustic variable is proposed, "formant dispersion," which sh...