Background: The objective of this anatomical study was to perform the morphometry dried lumbar vertebrae in human cadavers. Methods: This utilized 200 adult cadaveric vertebrae. digital Vernier calipers used measurements. height, antero-posterior length, transverse length body vertebrae, interpedicular distance at lateral ends, lamina height and thickness, superior inferio...

This paper presents three-dimensional static modeling of the human lumbar spine to be used in the formation of anatomically-correct movement patterns for a fully cable-actuated robotic lumbar spine which can mimic in vivo human lumbar spine movements to provide better hands-on training for medical students. The mathematical model incorporates five lumbar vertebrae between the first lumbar verte...

9 This paper presents three-dimensional static modeling of the 10 human lumbar spine to be used in the formation of anatomically11 correct movement patterns for a fully cable-actuated robotic 12 lumbar spine which can mimic in vivo human lumbar spine move13 ments to provide better hands-on training for medical students. 14 The mathematical model incorporates five lumbar vertebrae 15 between the...

BACKGROUND Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are, as the hip fractures, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Norway has one of the highest reported incidences of hip fractures in the world. Because of methodological challenges, vertebral fractures are not extensively studied. The aim of this population based study was to describe, for the first time, the age- and sex specific occur...

Bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae (L2-4BMD) in involutional osteoporosis was measured by dual photon absorptiometry to investigate its relationship with the incidence of osteoporotic vertebral fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine. In addition to monitor L2-4BMD, the author also examined the progress of vertebral fractures during drug treatments by means of radiographs. L2-4BMD ...

Context : The sacrum generally is composed of five vertebrae fused to form a triangular bony mass with four pairs of sacral foramina. The sacrum may contain six vertebrae, by development of an additional sacral element or by incorporation of the fifth lumbar or first coccygeal vertebrae produces five pairs of sacral foramina. Sacralization is entirely undiagnosable without an X-ray examination ...

The aim of the present study was to assess the role of simvastatin on osteoporosis of the vertebrae by examining the effect of simvastatin on the osteogenesis of the lumbar vertebra in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. A total of 60 6-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats were divided into one sham group and five ovariectomized groups, consisting of four simvastatin groups and one control group. Four d...