It has long been observed that brittle fracture of materials can lead to emission of high energy electrons and UV photons, but an atomistic description of the origin of such processes has lacked. We report here on simulations using a first-principles-based electron force field methodology with effective core potentials to describe the nonadiabatic quantum dynamics during brittle fracture in sil...

Simultaneous post-traumatic ipsilateral fracture of femur head and subcapital femur neck without hip dislocation is a rare presentation and easily missed on X-ray imaging. A 48 years old male, with a history of high-energy road traffic accident, presented to us with severe pain in the left hip region and inability to ambulate. Preliminary X-ray showed impacted subcapital fracture with varus ang...

Many advanced technologies center on devices of small feature sizes made of diverse materials. Internal stresses that arise in the devices during fabrication and use can result in fracture. Fracture of an individual feature in such a device may impair the function of the device.The materials surrounding the feature have a constraining effect on the elastic energy available to drive the fracture...

This paper examines the effect of surface treatment and filler shape factor on the fracture toughness and elastic modulus of epoxy-based nanocomposite. Two forms of nanofillers, polydopamine-coated montmorillonite clay (D-clay) and polydopamine-coated carbon nanofibres (D-CNF) were investigated. It was found that Young's modulus increases with increasing D-clay and D-CNF loading. However, the f...

INTRODUCTION We report the case of an unusual combination of concomitant subcapital and intertrochanteric fractures of the hip in a patient after a motorcycle accident. To the best of our knowledge, there is no previous report in the literature of these conditions as a result of high energy trauma or of the treatment used. CASE PRESENTATION A 36-year-old Caucasian man was admitted with this r...

There are serious problems with existing methods of treating pilon fractures of the tibia caused by high-energy trauma. The method chosen to treat these fractures should not raise the risk of infection while effectively restoring the joint surface. We successfully treated a 42-year-old male patient with a pilon fracture caused by high-energy trauma using an arthroscopy-assisted unilateral exter...

The primary objective of this work was to analyse the adequacy of the Double Cantilever Beam (DCB) test in determining fracture toughness under pure mode I loading of cortical bone tissue. A new data reduction scheme based on specimen compliance and the crack equivalent concept was used to overcome the difficulties inherent in crack monitoring during its growth. It provides a complete resistanc...

Numerical simulation is used to explore the behavior of concrete beams of different sizes and different notch lengths, loaded in three-point bending. The entire range of notch depth is studied. One limit case is type 1 fracture, which occurs when the notch depth is zero and the crack initiates from a smooth surface (this is the case of the modulus of rupture test). Another limit is type 2 fract...

Clavicle fractures are rarely associated with more severe neurologic or vascular injuries. When these associated injuries are encountered, prompt recognition and treatment are paramount to optimize outcome. The majority of fractures that result in neurovascular compromise are from high-energy trauma; however, a high index of suspicion should be present in all cases as low-energy trauma can also...

We propose that the ideal fracture energy of a material with mobile bulk impurities can be obtained within the framework of a Born-Haber thermodynamic cycle. We show that such a definition has the advantage of initial and final states at equilibrium, connected by well-defined and measurable energetic quantities, which can also be calculated from first principles. Using this approach, we calcula...