ankle joint. There was a lacerated wound about two inches above the internal malleolus through which the tibia protruded. The protruding bone was stripped of its periosteum for about two inches. The fibula was also fractured, but did not protrude. On examining the wound it was found that the lower fragment of the tibia was comminuted, and the joint opened. There was considerable haemorrhage, bu...

Supracondylar humerus fractures (SHF) are seen more than half of all fractures in the elbow. SHF may cause to vascular and neurologic injury. The most causes of the vascular injury are thrombosis with intimal tear, brachial artery entrapment in the fracture site, compression of the artery due to deformity/swelling and partial or complete transection of the artery (by the perforating spike of th...

Fractured endodontically treated teeth below the gingival margin are often extracted and restored with implants or other prosthetic treatment options in many cases. However, dentists should carefully consider other treatment options for these teeth before deciding on extraction due to the risk of vertical and horizontal bone resorption subsequent to extraction as this resorption will result in ...

Spines are often stabilised posteriorly by internal fixation and anteriorly by a bone graft. The effect of an autologous bone graft from the iliac crest on implant loads is unknown. We used an internal spinal fixation device with telemetry to measure implant loads for several body positions and activities in nine patients before and after anterior interbody fusion. With the body upright, implan...

X-Ray is one the oldest and frequently used devices, that makes images of any bone in the body, including the hand, wrist, arm, elbow, shoulder, foot, ankle, leg (shin), knee, thigh, hip, pelvis or spine. A typical bone ailment is the fracture, which occurs when bone cannot withstand outside force like direct blows, twisting injuries and falls. Fractures are cracks in bones and are defined as a...

Cerebral palsy patients are prone to spontaneous fractures due to poor bone quality. The treatment options of femoral fractures include conservative and operative management which is tailored according to the patient's needs, co-morbidities and the presence of skilled surgeon. We present a 20 year old non-ambulatory CP patient who had a fractured femoral shaft which was treated by surgical exci...

A fracture is a damage to bone tissue that causes the surrounding and may penetrate skin. Subjects methods: present study included (80) fractured Iraqi patients (and 40) with DM2 (40) without compared them healthy control. Patients control are matched in age. This showed significant increase retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) considerable decrease Vit .A GPT GOT DM2. In addition, there was negati...

Minimally invasive methods, such as balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) and percutaneous sacroplasty (PS), which are now widely used for the surgical treatment of compression fractures, involve injection a bolus poly (methyl methacrylate) bone cement (hereafter, “bone cement”) into fractured tissue. Many common complications following these surgeries, leakage adjacent-level fractures (in case BKP), have ...