Recently biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester, FAME – in Germany mainly rapeseed oil methyl ester as a neat fuel, which means B100) became an important alternative fuel on the German and the European markets. Approximately 1,200,000 tons were sold in Germany in the year 2004 (VDB, 2004). This is more than 50 % of all biodiesel that is sold in the European Union (Observ’ER, 2004). Today biodiesel ...

Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Hoffmann is in charge of Team Management for the Advanced Diesel Combustion Development Group at the Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center GmbH in Rüsselsheim (Germany). Dipl.-Ing. Michael Schrott is Senior Engineer in charge of Development Projects for Diesel Engine Combustion at the Hyundai Motor Europe Technical Center GmbH in Rüsselsheim (Germany). Dipl.-Ing. Thorsten Hube...

This study’s overarching aim is to establish the areal extent and characteristics of the rapid sugarcane expansion and land use change in São Paulo state (Brazil) as a result of an increase in the demand for ethanol, using Landsat type remotely sensed data. In 2003 flex fuel automobiles started to enter the Brazilian consumer market causing a dramatic expansion of sugarcane areas from 2.57 mill...

An important place in the nuclear reactor of a power plant is control tightness shells fuel elements reactor. Therefore, review existing methods non-destructive testing assemblies was conducted. Modern allow to trace development defect shell element and reveal depressurization thereby preventing accidents. In connection with single-circuit system coolant circulation case an accident by increasi...

Model predictive control represents one of the most promising methods, also in fast industrial applications like a Diesel engine. But especially Diesel engine control meets problems of uncertainties and disturbances, thus model-plant mismatch is omnipresent, which obviously decreases the performance of model based control. This paper compares different robust predictive control strategies appli...

Effects of cathode types on the long-term stability of microbial fuel cell (MFC) and the anodic microbial communities were studied using K(3)Fe(CN)(6) catholyte (R1), air cathode (R2) and biocathode (R3) over a testing time of 400 d. Upon 400 d of testing, the maximum power densities (P(max)) of R1 and R2 decreased by 44% and 37%, and the Coulombic efficiencies (CEs) decreased 8.4% (R1) and 2.0...