This work aims to elucidate notions concerning the ideal operation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions benefits of combined heat and power (CHP) systems by investigating how various metrics change as a function of the GHG emissions from the underlying electricity source, building use type and climate. Additionally, a new term entitled ‘‘CHP Attributable” reductions is introduced to quantify the ...

This paper proposes a simple enhanced augmented Hopfield Lagrange neural network (EALH) for solving economic dispatch (ED) problem with piecewise quadratic cost functions. The EALH is an augmented Lagrange Hopfield neural network (ALH), which is a combination of continuous Hopfield neural network and augmented Lagrangian relaxation function as its energy function, enhanced by a heuristic search...

The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the impact of biomass fuel and coal use on lung cancer and to explore reasons for heterogeneity in the reported effect sizes. A systematic review of primary studies reporting the relationship between solid fuel use and lung cancer was carried out, based on pre-defined criteria. Studies that dealt with confounding factors were used in the meta-an...

An enzyme fuel cell employing a carbon cloth electrode and bacterial FAD dependent glucose dehydrogenase (FADGDH) based on the direct electron transfer principle was constructed, and its scalability and cellulolytic sugar conversion were investigated. FADGDH was immobilized on the carbon cloth electrode together with carbon paste to form a multi-module type enzyme fuel cell by combining platinu...

Poor water management usually leads to various degrees of flooding in the hydrogen type fuel cell, affecting both the instantaneous performance and the long-term durability of the system adversely. While a lot of fuel cell diagnostic tools exist that could be utilized for the flooding diagnostics, most of these approaches are intrusive, requiring special modification to the fuel cell that affec...

One of the most important environmental issues in Europe is the expansion of wildland-urban interfaces (WUIs) and how this trend may affect the occurrence of wildfires. Land use changes, the abandonment of farmland, and reduced grazing has led to an increase in forested areas with an accumulation and continuity of surface fuels available for combustion. Policies based exclusively on extensive f...

l%e partitioning and transmutation concept (P-T) has as a mission the reductio~ by many orders of rnagnitudq of certain undesirable nuclides in the waste streams. Given that only a very small fiction of spent fiel can be “rejected” by a P-T enterp~ a P-T system must therefore be capable of accommodating a wide range of spent fuel characteristics. Variability of nuclide composition (i.e. the fee...

Four different methods have been applied to estimate the burden of disease due to indoor air pollution from household solid fuel use in developing countries (LDCs). The largest number of estimates involves applying exposure-response information from urban ambient air pollution studies to estimate indoor exposure concentrations of particulate air pollution. Another approach is to construct child...

BACKGROUND Over half the world is exposed daily to the smoke from combustion of solid fuels. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the main contributors to the global burden of disease and can be caused by biomass smoke exposure. However, studies of biomass exposure and COPD show a wide range of effect sizes. The aim of this systematic review was to quantify the impact of bioma...

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