BACKGROUND The addition of functional electrical stimulation (FES) to treadmill gait training with partial body weight support (BWS) has been proposed as a strategy to facilitate gait training in people with hemiparesis. However, there is a lack of studies that evaluate the effectiveness of FES addition on ground level gait training with BWS, which is the most common locomotion surface. OBJEC...

Recumbent cycling exercise achieved by functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the paralyzed leg muscles is effective for cardiopulmonary and musculoskeletal conditioning after spinal cord injury, but its full potential has not yet been realized. Mechanical power output and efficiency is very low and endurance is limited due to early onset of muscle fatigue. The aim of this work was to compa...

A brief background to Functional Electrical Stimulation Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) has been used to facilitate movement in people who have suffered an upper motor neuron lesion since Liberson designed the first drop-foot stimulator in 1960. Since then the technique has been accepted by only a small number of clinicians and therapists. There are various reasons for this: firstly ins...

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) has shown effectiveness in restoring upper-limb movement post-stroke when applied to assist participants' voluntary intention during repeated, motivating tasks. Recent clinical trials have used advanced controllers that precisely adjust FES to assist functional reach and grasp tasks with FES applied to three muscle groups, showing significant reduction in...

Objective To examine the combined effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation-resistance training (NMES-RT) and functional stimulation-lower extremity cycling (FES-LEC) compared to passive movement (PMT) FES-LEC in adults with SCI on (1) oxygen uptake (VO 2 ), insulin sensitivity glucose disposal SCI; (2) Metabolic inflammatory biomarkers; (3) skeletal muscle, intramuscular fat (IMF) viscer...

BACKGROUND Functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling is used by spinal cord injury patients to facilitate neurologic recovery and may also be useful for progressive MS patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and preliminary efficacy of home FES cycling in progressive MS and to explore how it changes cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytokine levels. METHODS Five patients with primary or se...

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is used to provide paralyzed human subjects with postural support and a limited range of movements. Problems encountered with FES include jerky movements from tension oscillations during stimulation and rapid muscle fatigue. In this paper, we report experiments on anesthetized cats that test a new, computer-controlled method of stimulation of the muscle n...

An inertial sensor mounted on the foot of the affected body side represents an alternative to traditional foot switches in Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)assisted gait rehabilitation systems. The inertial sensor consisting of 3 gyroscopes and 3 accelerometers can be utilised to detect gait phases which can be applied to synchronise the electrical stimulation with the gait. Additionally,...