under favorable soil conditions such as existence of easily destructible organic compounds, balanced heat and moisture, adequate ventilation and abundant nutrients, organic materials are mineralized. once mineralizing occurs, mineral elements like p, s, ca, mg, k and other cations are released. a related study was conducted to determine the effect of seven organic fertilizers (leaf mold (lm), r...

In this paper we present an application of single cluster visualization (SCV) a technique to visualize single clusters of high-dimensional data. This method maps a single cluster to the plane trying to preserve the relative distances of feature vectors to the corresponding prototype vector. Thus, fuzzy clustering results representing relative distances in the form of a partition matrix as well ...

This paper deals with the fault severity detection and diagnosisof induction motor fault based on image processing using particle analysis. Index of compactness and distance between xc coordinate of gravity center of the region and x coordinate of the mean upper point of the region (dist_xc_tlr) are two features extracting by image processing. Using the fuzzy logic strategy, a better understand...

A new and simpler proof is given of the result of P. Rabinowitz for nontrivial time periodic solutions of a vibrating string equation utt-ux, + g(u) = 0 and Dirichlet boundary conditions on a finite interval. We assume essentially that g is nondecreasing, and g(u)/u+m as Iu(+w. The proof uses a modified form (PS), of the Palais-Smale condition (PS). Let g : R-+R be a continuous nondecreasing fu...

Let f be a positive smooth function on a close Riemann surface (M,g). The f − energy of a map u from M to a Riemannian manifold (N, h) is defined as E f (u) = M f |∇u| 2 dV g. In this paper, we will study the blow-up properties of Palais-Smale sequences for E f. We will show that, if a Palais-Smale sequence is not compact, then it must blows up at some critical points of f. As a sequence, if an...

Fuzzy clustering is useful to mine complex and multi-dimensional data sets, where the members have partial or fuzzy relations. Among the various deve702 S. Chattopadhyay, D.K. Pratihar, S.C. De Sarkar loped techniques, fuzzy-C-means (FCM) algorithm is the most popular one, where a piece of data has partial membership with each of the pre-defined cluster centers. Moreover, in FCM, the cluster ce...

Fuzzy clustering techniques handle the fuzzy relationships among the data points and with the cluster centers (may be termed as cluster fuzziness). On the other hand, distance measures are important to compute the load of such fuzziness. These are the two important parameters governing the quality of the clusters and the run time. Visualization of multidimensional data clusters into lower dimen...